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Inflation-output gap trade-off with a dominant oil supplier

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Anton Nakov
Andrea Pescatori

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Abstract

An exogenous oil price shock raises inflation and contracts output, similar to a negative productivity shock. In the standard New Keynesian model, however, this does not generate any trade-off between inflation and output gap volatility: under a strict inflation-targeting policy, the output decline is exactly equal to the efficient output contraction in response to the shock. Modeling the oil sector from optimizing first principles rather than assuming an exogenous oil price, we show that the presence of a dominant oil supplier (OPEC) leads to inefficient fluctuations in the oil price markup. The latter reflects a dynamic distortion of the production process, and as a result, stabilizing inflation does not automatically stabilize the distance of output from first-best. Our model is a step away from discussing the effects of exogenous oil price changes and toward analyzing the implications of the underlying shocks that cause the oil price to change in the first place.

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Paper provided by Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland in its series Working Paper with number 0710.

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Date of creation: 2007
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Handle: RePEc:fip:fedcwp:0710

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Keywords: Monetary policy Petroleum products - Prices Business cycles

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Cited by:
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  1. Antón Nákov & Andrea Pescatori, 2007. "Oil and the Great Moderation," Banco de España Working Papers 0735, Banco de España. [Downloadable!]
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