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Some Comments on the Question Whether Co-occurrence Data Should Be Normalized

Author

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  • Waltman, L.
  • van Eck, N.J.P.

Abstract

In a recent paper in the Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, Leydesdorff and Vaughan assert that raw cocitation data should be analyzed directly, without first applying a normalization like the Pearson correlation. In this report, it is argued that there is nothing wrong with the widely adopted practice of normalizing cocitation data. One of the arguments put forward by Leydesdorff and Vaughan turns out to depend crucially on incorrect multidimensional scaling maps that are due to an error in the PROXSCAL program in SPSS.

Suggested Citation

  • Waltman, L. & van Eck, N.J.P., 2007. "Some Comments on the Question Whether Co-occurrence Data Should Be Normalized," ERIM Report Series Research in Management ERS-2007-017-LIS, Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), ERIM is the joint research institute of the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) at Erasmus University Rotterdam.
  • Handle: RePEc:ems:eureri:9401
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    File URL: https://repub.eur.nl/pub/9401/ERS-2007-017-LIS.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ludo Waltman & Nees Jan van Eck, 2007. "Some comments on the question whether co‐occurrence data should be normalized," Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, Association for Information Science & Technology, vol. 58(11), pages 1701-1703, September.
    2. Per Ahlgren & Bo Jarneving & Ronald Rousseau, 2003. "Requirements for a cocitation similarity measure, with special reference to Pearson's correlation coefficient," Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, Association for Information Science & Technology, vol. 54(6), pages 550-560, April.
    3. Loet Leydesdorff & Liwen Vaughan, 2006. "Co‐occurrence matrices and their applications in information science: Extending ACA to the Web environment," Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, Association for Information Science & Technology, vol. 57(12), pages 1616-1628, October.
    4. Katherine W. McCain, 1990. "Mapping authors in intellectual space: A technical overview," Journal of the American Society for Information Science, Association for Information Science & Technology, vol. 41(6), pages 433-443, September.
    5. Pau, L-F. & Motiwalla, J., 2007. "India: a Case of Fragile Wireless Service and Technology Adoption?," ERIM Report Series Research in Management ERS-2007-011-LIS, Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), ERIM is the joint research institute of the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) at Erasmus University Rotterdam.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. van Eck, N.J.P. & Waltman, L., 2009. "VOSviewer: A Computer Program for Bibliometric Mapping," ERIM Report Series Research in Management ERS-2009-005-LIS, Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), ERIM is the joint research institute of the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) at Erasmus University Rotterdam.
    2. van Eck, N.J.P. & Waltman, L., 2007. "Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis," ERIM Report Series Research in Management ERS-2007-091-LIS, Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), ERIM is the joint research institute of the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) at Erasmus University Rotterdam.
    3. Leydesdorff, Loet & Wagner, Caroline S., 2008. "International collaboration in science and the formation of a core group," Journal of Informetrics, Elsevier, vol. 2(4), pages 317-325.
    4. Feng, Feng & Zhang, Leiyong & Du, Yuneng & Wang, Weiguang, 2015. "Visualization and quantitative study in bibliographic databases: A case in the field of university–industry cooperation," Journal of Informetrics, Elsevier, vol. 9(1), pages 118-134.
    5. van Eck, N.J.P. & Waltman, L., 2009. "How to Normalize Co-Occurrence Data? An Analysis of Some Well-Known Similarity Measures," ERIM Report Series Research in Management ERS-2009-001-LIS, Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), ERIM is the joint research institute of the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University and the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) at Erasmus University Rotterdam.
    6. Eom, Sean, 2008. "All author cocitation analysis and first author cocitation analysis: A comparative empirical investigation," Journal of Informetrics, Elsevier, vol. 2(1), pages 53-64.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Author cocitation analysis; Co-occurrence data; Multidimensional scaling; Normalization; PROXSCAL; Pearson correlation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C89 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs - - - Other
    • M - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics
    • R4 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Transportation Economics

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