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Políticas climáticas en países desarrollados: impacto en América Latina

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  • Flores, José Luis

Abstract

Las actividades económicas generan, de forma colateral, emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI) que conforman el fenómeno del cambio climático. En este sentido, la teoría económica sugiere diversas soluciones de política pública en donde destacan el uso de impuestos a las emisiones de CO2, la conformación de un mercado de emisiones a través de la creación de un sistema de permisos comercializables o el uso de regulaciones especificas que limita las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero . Cada una de estas opciones tiene desde luego ventajas y desventajas. En este contexto, existen diversas propuestas que buscan apuntalar el uso de algún tipo de impuesto al carbono; en particular en la modalidad de un impuesto al carbono en referencia a las importaciones de los países desarrollados. Este mecanismo gravaría a las importaciones hacia los países desarrollados atendiendo al contenido de carbono de los productos. En este sentido, resulta relevante identificar la viabilidad y consecuencias potenciales de la imposición de este tipo de impuesto en América Latina.

Suggested Citation

  • Flores, José Luis, 2014. "Políticas climáticas en países desarrollados: impacto en América Latina," Documentos de Proyectos 37611, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
    • Handle: RePEc:ecr:col022:37611
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