This paper assesses the consequences of the rapid Chinese economic development for Japan and the Netherlands. China has become the most important supplier of import goods for Japan and the fourth most important one for the Netherlands. With two-thirds of Dutch imports from China being re-exported, the emergence of China has enhanced the role of the Netherlands as European distribution centre. As for exports, China is now a major market for Japan, but not for the Netherlands. This is in line with gravity models of foreign trade. The same holds for differences in foreign direct investment (FDI), with Japan the biggest investor in China and the Netherlands a minor one. The emergence of China has increased purchasing power of Japanese and Dutch households, while its effects on labour markets and income distribution are relatively modest. In spite of differences between Japan and the Netherlands, the consequences for economic policy of the increasing role of China are very similar.
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Paper provided by CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis in its series CPB Memoranda with number
185.
Find related papers by JEL classification: F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Country and Industry Studies of Trade F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business F40 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - General F47 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Forecasting and Simulation J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials O40 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - General O57 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Comparative Studies of Countries
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