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El comercio internacional en Colombia: una perspectiva diferente del TLC

Author

Listed:
  • Jan Ter Wengel
  • Luz Karine Ardila
  • Beatriz Ferreira Villegas
  • Luís Miguel Suárez Cruz

Abstract

La nueva teoría del comercio internacional deja de lado las diferencias entre los países en cuanto a recursos y se enfoca en las decisiones de los empresarios para presentar una visión alternativa de las implicaciones de la firma del Tratado de libre Comercio. La nueva teoría pone énfasis en la heterogeneidad de las empresas, en la relevancia de la productividad y en los diversos costos fijos en que incurren las empresas para producir para el mercado domestico o para mercados internacionales. Los nuevos modelos del comercio internacional predicen que las empresas grandes son las que más se benefician de una liberación del comercio como la planteada en el TLC. En contraposición a la gran empresa, la pequena empresa sufre los embates de la competencia externa y frecuentemente tiene que reducir aún más su tamano o cerrar. El cierre de pequenas empresas puede traer altos costos sociales en términos de empleo, pérdida de diversidad en la economía y debilitamiento de la base para la generación de nuevas tecnologías y renovación del aparato productivo. Se recomienda buscar un equilibrio entre el fomento a las exportaciones y la protección a la pequena empresa. Una sugerencia que se presenta en particular es buscar la reducción de los costos de acceso a los mercados internacionales por las pequenas empresas.

Suggested Citation

  • Jan Ter Wengel & Luz Karine Ardila & Beatriz Ferreira Villegas & Luís Miguel Suárez Cruz, 2007. "El comercio internacional en Colombia: una perspectiva diferente del TLC," Documentos de Economía 4446, Universidad Javeriana - Bogotá.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000108:004446
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    File URL: http://www.javeriana.edu.co/fcea/area_economia/inv/documents/Elcomerciointernacionalencolombiaunaperspectivadiferentedeltlc.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jonathan Eaton, Marcela Eslava, Maurice Kugler,James Tybout, 1970. "Export Dynamics in Colombia: Firm-Level Evidence," Working Papers eg0036, Wilfrid Laurier University, Department of Economics, revised 1970.
    2. Marc J. Melitz, 2003. "The Impact of Trade on Intra-Industry Reallocations and Aggregate Industry Productivity," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 71(6), pages 1695-1725, November.
    3. Sanghamitra Das & Mark J. Roberts & James R. Tybout, 2007. "Market Entry Costs, Producer Heterogeneity, and Export Dynamics," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 75(3), pages 837-873, May.
    4. repec:rus:hseeco:122439 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Jan Ter Wengel & Juan Francisco Martínez Rojas & Beatriz Ferreira Villegas & Germán Pérez Hernández, 2006. "Dinámica y productividad de la industria colombiana: empleo, exportaciones y la pequena empresa," Documentos de Economía 2347, Universidad Javeriana - Bogotá.
    6. Krugman, Paul R., 1979. "Increasing returns, monopolistic competition, and international trade," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 9(4), pages 469-479, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. María José Yepes, Esperanza Arias, Lina Marcela Molano, Ferney Molina, María Fernanda Ramírez, 2012. "Incidencia De Las Variables Del Comercio Exterior (Importaciones Y Exportaciones) En La Transferencia De Conocimientos: El Caso De La Industria Textil Colombiana," Revista Isocuanta 12353, Universidad Santo Tomás.

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