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Regulación y supervisión: La otra cara de la política monetaria

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Carlos Gustavo Cano ()
Abstract

La mayoría de los primeros bancos centrales que surgieron en el planeta ejercía ciertas formas incipientes de regulación y supervisión de los bancos comerciales. Posteriormente, algunos países optaron por depositar esa responsabilidad en agencias gubernamentales especializadas, entre ellos Colombia. Luego vinieron los Acuerdos Basilea I y II, que apuntaron hacia el establecimiento de un mínimo de patrones internacionales comunes. No obstante, con la liberalización y desregulación de los mercados de capitales, la multiplicación de nuevos intermediarios financieros no bancarios, y el desarrollo de nuevos productos financieros - varios orientados a dispersar los riesgos y a aislarlos de sus balances- , y en medio de la ostensible falta de independencia de no pocos órganos supervisores frente a gobiernos y sectores privados, se ha vuelto en extremo frágil la política monetaria convencional. Esto es, aquella basada fundamentalmente y de modo casi exclusivo en el manejo de las tasas de interés de intervención a cargo de los bancos centrales. En este documento el autor presenta, para el caso de Colombia, los principales argumentos que respaldan su propuesta de confiarle adicionalmente al banco central las funciones de regulación y supervisión. El propósito que con ello se busca es garantizar y salvaguardar la efectividad de la política monetaria, de cara al control de la inflación y a la estabilidad financiera, al considerar que, frente a las nuevas realidades, aquellas representan una pieza medular e inseparable de esta.

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Paper provided by BANCO DE LA REPÚBLICA in its series BORRADORES DE ECONOMIA with number 004587.

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Date of creation: 02 Apr 2008
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Handle: RePEc:col:000094:004587

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Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Raghuram G. Rajan, 2005. "Has Financial Development Made the World Riskier?," NBER Working Papers 11728, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  2. Gorton, Gary, 1985. "Clearinghouses and the Origin of Central Banking in the United States," The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press, vol. 45(02), pages 277-283, June. [Downloadable!]
  3. Claudio Borio, 2007. "Change and Constancy in the Financial System: Implications for Financial Distress and Policy," RBA Annual Conference Volume, in: Christopher Kent & Jeremy Lawson (ed.), The Structure and Resilience of the Financial System Reserve Bank of Australia. [Downloadable!]
  4. Stiglitz, Joseph E & Weiss, Andrew, 1981. "Credit Rationing in Markets with Imperfect Information," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 71(3), pages 393-410, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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This page was last updated on 2009-10-28.


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