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Desigualdades regionales en la salud en Colombia

Author

Listed:
  • Luis Armando Galvis-Aponte
  • Juan Nicolás Rico

Abstract

Numerosos estudios en Colombia se han interesado por los diferenciales en condiciones laborales y por las desigualdades de ingresos. Los resultados empíricos han demostrado que las desigualdades en el país han sido persistentes. Las disparidades en las condiciones de salud de los individuos han recibido menos atención en un país como Colombia que, a pesar de tener relativamente alta cobertura de salud, aún sufre de problemas en el acceso a estos servicios. La medición de estas desigualdades entre países y dentro de una entidad geográfica es el primer paso en la toma de decisiones que ponen en marcha acciones y estrategias encaminadas a reducir y, eventualmente, eliminar las desigualdades. Teniendo en cuenta estos elementos, este documento tiene como objetivo evaluar las disparidades regionales y para individuos en la calidad de las condiciones de salud y en la autopercepción de tales condiciones. En relación con la autopercepción, el trabajo utiliza variables subjetivas que investigan cómo los individuos perciben sus condiciones generales de salud en una escala cualitativa. Los indicadores subjetivos tienden a señalar que hay regiones periféricas que experimentan una mejor percepción de sus condiciones de salud. Para incluir otras dimensiones que van más allá de lo subjetivo, se construye un índice de calidad en salud a partir de preguntas estandarizadas que han sido utilizados en otros países. Los resultados del índice muestran que son las regiones más prósperas las que tienden a tener mejores condiciones en la calidad de salud. **** ABSTRACT: A vast amount of literature in Colombia has studied differentials in working conditions and income inequalities. Empirical results have shown that inequalities in the country have been persistent. Disparities in the health conditions of individuals have received less attention in a country like Colombia which, despite having relatively high health coverage, still suffers from problems in access to these services. The measurement of these inequalities between countries and within a geographic entity is the first step in making decisions that implement actions and strategies aimed at reducing and eventually eliminating inequalities. Taking these elements into account, this document aims to assess regional and individual disparities in the quality of health conditions and in the self-perception of such conditions. In relation to self-perception, the work uses subjective variables that investigate how individuals perceive their general health conditions on a qualitative scale. Subjective indicators tend to indicate that there are peripheral regions that experience a better perception of their health conditions. To include other dimensions that go beyond the subjective assessment, a health quality index is built from standardized questions that have been used in other countries. The results of the index show that it is the most prosperous regions that tend to have better health conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Luis Armando Galvis-Aponte & Juan Nicolás Rico, 2023. "Desigualdades regionales en la salud en Colombia," Documentos de trabajo sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 316, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
  • Handle: RePEc:bdr:region:316
    DOI: 10.32468/dtseru.316
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hoyt Bleakley, 2010. "Health, Human Capital, and Development," Annual Review of Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 2(1), pages 283-310, September.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    salud; desigualdades regionales; índices compuestos; health; regional inequalities; composite index;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I14 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health and Inequality
    • I15 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health and Economic Development
    • R10 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - General

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