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Benevolent Loan Programs and Their Economic Impact: An attempt towards development برامج القرض الحسن وآثارها الاقتصادية محاولة لتطويرها خلال الفترة 1412-1432هـ

In: Lectures in Islamic Economics and Finance, Selected From Wednesday Seminars-09 محاضرات في الاقتصاد والتمويل الإسلامي - مختارة من حوارات الأربعاء - 09

Author

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  • Suleiman A. Al obaid

    (Department of Islamic Economics, Faculty of Sharia and Islamic Studies, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

Institutional benevolent loan programs were initiated in Saudi Arabia ever since 50 years ago; through the establishment of the Saudi Arabian Agricultural Bank in 1382. Then, other similar funds were launched by the private and philanthropic sectors to serve the various needs of the local economy. Benevolent loan programs are either offered by specialized institutions for specific economic activity, or through non-specialized institutions. It could be for consumption or production purposes, aimed at individuals, families or business entities, and these loans differ in size from large, medium to small –sized loans. These programs were developed in order to achieve national economic objectives and to help ease socio-economic issues such as unemployment, poverty and inflation. This paper will study benevolent general - purpose funding programs offering multi sized loans. Due to the growing need for such loans by large segments of the Saudi society to counter financial deficit circumstances; the paper will attempt to evaluate the performance of these programs legally and economically and show various approaches toward its development and diversification, focusing on how its challenges (i.e. non-payment ,delinquencies, and or the lowered value of money etc.) can be solved, and will also analyze ways to improve its performance, efficiency and economic effects and possible mechanisms for its long term continuity. ظهر القرض الحسن بشكل مؤسسي في المملكة العربية السعودية منذ خمسين سنة كبرنامج حكومي للتمويل، حيث أنشأت الحكومة البنك الزراعي السعودي عام 1382هـ. ثم أُنشأت بعد ذلك مصارف وصناديق أخرى تخدم قطاعات اقتصادية محلية. ثم ظهرت برامج القرض الحسن في القطاعين الخيري والخاص لتقدم قروضًا في مجالات وأهداف متنوعة. تتنوع برامج التمويل بالقرض الحسن فهي إما أن تكون برامج في مؤسسات متخصصة لتقدم قروضًا في مجالات اقتصادية معينة، أو أن تكون غير متخصصة، والقرض الحسن يمكن أن يكون للاستهلاك أو للإنتاج، وقد يقدم القرض للأفراد أو للأسر أو للشركات، ويتراوح حجم هذه القروض بين قروض كبيرة ومتوسطة أو صغيرة. وقد وضعت هذه البرامج من أجل تحقيق أهداف اقتصادية منها الإسهام في حل المشكلات الاقتصادية والاجتماعية - مثل البطالة والفقر وآثار التضخم. وسوف تعرض الورقة برامج القرض الحسن العامة وغير المتخصصة بمجال معين والتي تقدم قروضًا متباينة الحجم. نظرًا لكون هذه القروض تحتاجها نسبة كبيرة من المجتمع تعاني من عجز مالي. ستحاول الورقة تقويم أداء هذه البرامج شرعيًا واقتصاديًا وتعرض سبل تطوير مواردها وتنويعها وتنميتها، وحل مشاكلها والصعوبات التي قد تواجهها (مثل عدم السداد أو تأخره، وانخفاض قيمة النقود..)، كما سيحلل الباحث أيضًا سبل تحسين أدائها وزيادة كفاءتها ودراسة آثارها الاقتصادية وعمل آلية لاستمرارها في المدى الطويل.

Suggested Citation

  • Suleiman A. Al obaid, 2015. "Benevolent Loan Programs and Their Economic Impact: An attempt towards development برامج القرض الحسن وآثارها الاقتصادية محاولة لتطويرها خلال الفترة 1412-1432هـ," Chapters of books published by the Islamic Economics Institute, KAAU or its faculty members., in: Islamic Economics Institute (ed.),Lectures in Islamic Economics and Finance, Selected From Wednesday Seminars-09 محاضرات في الاقتصاد والتمويل الإسلامي - مختارة من حوارات الأربعاء - 09, edition 0, chapter 2, pages 81-124, King Abdulaziz University, Islamic Economics Institute..
  • Handle: RePEc:abd:ieibch:785
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