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Bayesian Forecasting for Financial Risk Management, Pre and Post the Global Financial Crisis

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  • Cathy W.S. Chen
  • Richard Gerlach
  • Edward M. H. Lin
  • W. C. W. Lee

Abstract

Value-at-Risk (VaR) forecasting via a computational Bayesian framework is considered. A range of parametric models are compared, including standard, threshold nonlinear and Markov switching GARCH specifications, plus standard and nonlinear stochastic volatility models, most considering four error probability distributions: Gaussian, Student-t, skewed-t and generalized error distribution. Adaptive Markov chain Monte Carlo methods are employed in estimation and forecasting. A portfolio of four Asia-Pacific stock markets is considered. Two forecasting periods are evaluated in light of the recent global financial crisis. Results reveal that: (i) GARCH models out-performed stochastic volatility models in almost all cases; (ii) asymmetric volatility models were clearly favoured pre-crisis; while at the 1% level during and post-crisis, for a 1 day horizon, models with skewed-t errors ranked best, while IGARCH models were favoured at the 5% level; (iii) all models forecasted VaR less accurately and anti-conservatively post-crisis
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Suggested Citation

  • Cathy W.S. Chen & Richard Gerlach & Edward M. H. Lin & W. C. W. Lee, 2012. "Bayesian Forecasting for Financial Risk Management, Pre and Post the Global Financial Crisis," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 31(8), pages 661-687, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:jforec:v:31:y:2012:i:8:p:661-687
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    Cited by:

    1. Chang, Carolyn W. & Li, Xiaodan & Lin, Edward M.H. & Yu, Min-Teh, 2018. "Systemic risk, interconnectedness, and non-core activities in Taiwan insurance industry," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 273-284.
    2. Jean-Paul Laurent & Hassan Omidi Firouzi, 2022. "Market Risk and Volatility Weighted Historical Simulation After Basel III," Working Papers hal-03679434, HAL.
    3. Chen, Cathy W.S. & Gerlach, Richard & Hwang, Bruce B.K. & McAleer, Michael, 2012. "Forecasting Value-at-Risk using nonlinear regression quantiles and the intra-day range," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 28(3), pages 557-574.
    4. Chang Liu & Raja Nassar & Min Guo, 2015. "A Method of Retail Mortgage Stress Testing: Based on Time‐Frame and Magnitude Analysis," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 34(4), pages 261-274, July.
    5. Laura Garcia‐Jorcano & Alfonso Novales, 2021. "Volatility specifications versus probability distributions in VaR forecasting," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 40(2), pages 189-212, March.
    6. Cathy W.S. Chen & Toshiaki Watanabe, 2019. "Bayesian modeling and forecasting of Value‐at‐Risk via threshold realized volatility," Applied Stochastic Models in Business and Industry, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 35(3), pages 747-765, May.
    7. Wenting Zhang & Shigeyuki Hamori, 2020. "Do Machine Learning Techniques and Dynamic Methods Help Forecast US Natural Gas Crises?," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-22, May.
    8. Chi Ming Wong & Lei Lam Olivia Ting, 2016. "A Quantile Regression Approach to the Multiple Period Value at Risk Estimation," Journal of Economics and Management, College of Business, Feng Chia University, Taiwan, vol. 12(1), pages 1-35, February.
    9. Oksana Hoshovska & Zhanna Poplavska & Jana Kajanova & Olena Trevoho, 2023. "Random Risk Factors Influencing Cash Flows: Modifying RADR," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-22, January.
    10. Wilson Ye Chen & Richard H. Gerlach, 2017. "Semiparametric GARCH via Bayesian model averaging," Papers 1708.07587, arXiv.org.
    11. Lu-Tao Zhao & Li-Na Liu & Zi-Jie Wang & Ling-Yun He, 2019. "Forecasting Oil Price Volatility in the Era of Big Data: A Text Mining for VaR Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(14), pages 1-20, July.
    12. Laura Garcia-Jorcano & Alfonso Novales, 2020. "A dominance approach for comparing the performance of VaR forecasting models," Computational Statistics, Springer, vol. 35(3), pages 1411-1448, September.
    13. Chen, Cathy W.S. & Watanabe, Toshiaki & Lin, Edward M.H., 2023. "Bayesian estimation of realized GARCH-type models with application to financial tail risk management," Econometrics and Statistics, Elsevier, vol. 28(C), pages 30-46.
    14. Fries, Christian P. & Nigbur, Tobias & Seeger, Norman, 2017. "Displaced relative changes in historical simulation: Application to risk measures of interest rates with phases of negative rates," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 175-198.
    15. Lin, Edward M.H. & Sun, Edward W. & Yu, Min-Teh, 2020. "Behavioral data-driven analysis with Bayesian method for risk management of financial services," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).
    16. Maria-Teresa Bosch-Badia & Joan Montllor-Serrats & Maria-Antonia Tarrazon-Rodon, 2020. "Risk Analysis through the Half-Normal Distribution," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(11), pages 1-27, November.
    17. Kim, Minjo & Lee, Sangyeol, 2016. "Nonlinear expectile regression with application to Value-at-Risk and expected shortfall estimation," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 1-19.
    18. Sonia Benito Muela & Carmen López-Martín & Mª Ángeles Navarro, 2017. "The Role of the Skewed Distributions in the Framework of Extreme Value Theory (EVT)," International Business Research, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 10(11), pages 88-102, November.
    19. Marius Galabe Sampid & Haslifah M Hasim & Hongsheng Dai, 2018. "Refining value-at-risk estimates using a Bayesian Markov-switching GJR-GARCH copula-EVT model," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(6), pages 1-33, June.
    20. Cathy W. S. Chen & Edward M. H. Lin & Tara F. J. Huang, 2022. "Bayesian quantile forecasting via the realized hysteretic GARCH model," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(7), pages 1317-1337, November.
    21. Chui-Chun Tsai & Tsun-Siou Lee, 2017. "Liquidity-Adjusted Value-at-Risk for TWSE Leverage/ Inverse ETFs: A Hellinger Distance Measure Research," Journal of Economics and Management, College of Business, Feng Chia University, Taiwan, vol. 13(1), pages 53-81, February.
    22. Nieto, Maria Rosa & Ruiz, Esther, 2016. "Frontiers in VaR forecasting and backtesting," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 32(2), pages 475-501.
    23. Mauro Bernardi & Leopoldo Catania & Lea Petrella, 2014. "Are news important to predict large losses?," Papers 1410.6898, arXiv.org, revised Oct 2014.
    24. Pilar Abad Romero & Sonia Benito Muela & Miguel Angel Sánchez Granero & Carmen López, 2013. "Evaluating the performance of the skewed distributions to forecast Value at Risk in the Global Financial Crisis," Documentos de Trabajo del ICAE 2013-40, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Instituto Complutense de Análisis Económico.
    25. Cathy Chen & Feng-Chi Liu & Mike So, 2013. "Threshold variable selection of asymmetric stochastic volatility models," Computational Statistics, Springer, vol. 28(6), pages 2415-2447, December.

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