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Noisy Accounting Earnings Signals and Earnings Response Coefficients: The Case of Foreign Currency Accounting

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  • DANIEL W. COLLINS
  • WILLIAM K. SALATKA

Abstract

. This paper extends the growing literature on factors affecting cross†sectional and intertemporal variation in earnings response coefficients. It tests the empirical implications of recent theoretical work by Choi and Salamon (1989) and Holthausen and Verrecchia (1988), who model the degree of price adjustment associated with earnings announcements as a function of the amount of noise or garbling in the accounting earnings signal relative to valuation†relevant cash flows or dividends. The particular earnings measurements considered relate to U.S. multinational companies and to the differences in income determination under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 8 and SFAS No. 52. The study finds a modestly smaller relative price adjustment for a given amount of unexpected earnings for multinational firms than for nonmultinationals during the SFAS No. 8 period. This finding is consistent with multinationals producing “noisier†earnings signals during this time period. However, several indirect measures suggest that there was greater prior probability uncertainty associated with the future cash flows or dividends of the nonmultinational sample. Accordingly, this cannot be ruled out as a competing explanation for the observed differences in the market's response to earnings signals during the SFAS No. 8 period. Following the implementation of SFAS No. 52, the earnings response coefficient increased substantively for firms whose accounting for translation gains or losses was most affected by this standard. These results suggest that the earnings measurements produced under SFAS No. 52 were perceived by market participants to be of higher quality (less noisy) than those produced under SFAS No. 8. The framework and analysis in this paper hold promise for investigating the relative informativeness of earnings signals produced under alternative income determination rules. Résumé. Les auteurs apportent leur contribution personnelle aux publications de plus en plus nombreuses portant sur les facteurs qui touchent la variation transversale et temporelle des coefficients de réaction aux bénéfices. Ils vérifient les conséquences empiriques des travaux théoriques récents de Choi et Salamon (1989) et de Holthausen et Verrecchia (1988), qui modélisent le degré d'ajustement du cours des valeurs associé aux annonces de bénéfices comme étant fonction de la quantité de parasites ou de l'importance du brouillage dans le signal que constituent des bénéfices comptables par rapport aux flux monétaires ou aux dividendes pertinents à l'évaluation. Les mesures particulières des bénéfices auxquelles s'intéressent les auteurs sont celles de multinationales des États†Unis et font état de la variation des bénéfices, selon qu'ils sont évalués conformément au SFAS no 8 ou au SFAS no 52. Pour un montant donné de bénéfices inattendus, les auteurs constatent un ajustement relatif du cours des valeurs légèrement plus faible dans le cas des multinationales que dans celui des entreprises d'envergure plus modeste, au cours de la période d'application du SFAS no 8. Cette constatation est conforme à l'hypothèse voulant que les multinationales aient produit des indicateurs de bénéfices plus « brouillés » au cours de cette période. Toutefois, plusieurs mesures indirectes donnent à penser qu'il existait une incertitude plus grande quant à la probabilité a priori des flux monétaires ou des dividendes futurs dans l'échantillon des entreprises d'envergure plus modeste. Les auteurs ne peuvent donc écarter cette hypothèse à titre d'explication concurrente des différences observées dans la réaction du marché aux indicateurs de bénéfices, au cours de la période d'application du SFAS no 8. À la suite de l'instauration du SFAS no 52, le coefficient de réaction aux bénéfices a sensiblement augmenté dans le cas des entreprises dont la méthode comptable relative à la conversion des gains et des pertes était davantage touchée par cette norme. Ces résultats laissent croire que les mesures des bénéfices conformes au SFAS no 52 ont été perçues par les intéressés comme étant de plus grande qualité (c'est†à †dire moins brouillées) que les mesures conformes au SFAS no 8. Le cadre de référence et l'analyse contenus dans cet article sont prometteurs pour l'analyse de la qualité relative de l'information livrée par les indicateurs de bénéfices conformes à d'autres règles d'évaluation des bénéfices.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniel W. Collins & William K. Salatka, 1993. "Noisy Accounting Earnings Signals and Earnings Response Coefficients: The Case of Foreign Currency Accounting," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 10(1), pages 119-159, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:coacre:v:10:y:1993:i:1:p:119-159
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1911-3846.1993.tb00385.x
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    1. Martin, Anna D. & Madura, Jeff & Akhigbe, Aigbe, 1998. "A note on accounting exposure and the value of multinational corporations," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 9(2), pages 269-277.
    2. Martha L. Loudder & Bruce K. Behn, 1995. "Alternative Income Determination Rules and Earnings Usefulness: The Case of R&D Costs," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 12(1), pages 185-205, September.
    3. Paul E. Holt, 2013. "Critical Elements of Foreign Currency Translation: A Worldwide Informational and Accounting Problem," American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Science Publications, vol. 5(2), pages 56-64, November.
    4. Karl E. Hackenbrack & Chris E. Hogan, 2002. "Market Response to Earnings Surprises Conditional on Reasons for an Auditor Change," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 19(2), pages 195-223, June.
    5. Theodore E. Christensen & Toni Q. Smith & Pamela S. Stuerke, 2004. "Public Predisclosure Information, Firm Size, Analyst Following, and Market Reactions to Earnings Announcements," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(7‐8), pages 951-984, September.
    6. Clare Roberts & Yue Wang, 2009. "Accounting harmonization and the value‐relevance of dirty surplus accounting flows," Review of Accounting and Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 8(4), pages 340-368, October.
    7. Dechow, Patricia & Ge, Weili & Schrand, Catherine, 2010. "Understanding earnings quality: A review of the proxies, their determinants and their consequences," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(2-3), pages 344-401, December.
    8. Teets, Walter R. & Wasley, Charles E., 1996. "Estimating earnings response coefficients: Pooled versus firm-specific models," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 21(3), pages 279-295, June.
    9. Paul A. Griffin, 1993. "Discussion of “Noisy Accounting Earnings Signals and Earnings Response Coefficients: The Case of Foreign Currency Accountingâ€," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 10(1), pages 167-178, September.
    10. Takashi Obinata, 2002. "Concept and Relevance of Income," CIRJE F-Series CIRJE-F-171, CIRJE, Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo.
    11. Gerald Lander & Alan Reinstein, 2001. "An analysis of accounting measures on the performance of U.S. international corporations," International Advances in Economic Research, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 7(1), pages 107-113, February.
    12. Cready, William M. & Hurtt, David N. & Seida, Jim A., 2000. "Applying reverse regression techniques in earnings-return analyses," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 30(2), pages 227-240, October.
    13. Wendy Rotenberg, 2013. "Mitigation of U.S. Home Bias in the Valuation of Canadian Natural Resource Firms: Choice of Reporting and Transaction Currency," Multinational Finance Journal, Multinational Finance Journal, vol. 17(3-4), pages 201-241, September.
    14. Radhakrishnan, Suresh & Tsang, Albert, 2011. "The valuation-relevance of the foreign translation adjustment: The effect of barriers to entry," The International Journal of Accounting, Elsevier, vol. 46(4), pages 431-458.
    15. Mohammad S. Bazaz & David L. Senteney, 2001. "Value Relevance of Unrealized Foreign Currency Translation: Gains and Losses," American Journal of Business, Emerald Group Publishing, vol. 16(2), pages 55-62.
    16. Eli Bartov, 1997. "Foreign Currency Exposure of Multinational Firms: Accounting Measures and Market Valuation," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 14(4), pages 623-652, December.
    17. James Linck & Thomas Lopez & Lynn Rees, 2007. "The valuation consequences of voluntary accounting changes," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 28(4), pages 327-352, May.
    18. Mustafa Ciftci, 2010. "Accounting Choice and Earnings Quality: The Case of Software Development," European Accounting Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(3), pages 429-459.
    19. Paul E. Holt, 2012. "Some Effects of Alternative Foreign Currency Translation Methodologies on two Short-Term Liquidity Ratios," American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Science Publications, vol. 3(4), pages 645-651, March.
    20. Ole‐Kristian Hope & Tony Kang & Wayne B. Thomas & Florin Vasvari, 2008. "Pricing and Mispricing Effects of SFAS 131," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 35(3‐4), pages 281-306, April.
    21. Jennifer L. Kao, 1993. "Discussion of “Noisy Accounting Earnings Signals and Earnings Response Coefficients: The Case of Foreign Currency Accounting†," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 10(1), pages 161-166, September.
    22. John Hughes & Jing Liu & Mingshan Zhang, 2004. "Valuation and Accounting for Inflation and Foreign Exchange," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 42(4), pages 731-754, September.

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