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A dynamic analysis of stock markets using a hidden Markov model

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  • Luca De Angelis
  • Leonard J. Paas

Abstract

This paper proposes a framework to detect financial crises, pinpoint the end of a crisis in stock markets and support investment decision-making processes. This proposal is based on a hidden Markov model (HMM) and allows for a specific focus on conditional mean returns. By analysing weekly changes in the US stock market indexes over a period of 20 years, this study obtains an accurate detection of stable and turmoil periods and a probabilistic measure of switching between different stock market conditions. The results contribute to the discussion of the capabilities of Markov-switching models of analysing stock market behaviour. In particular, we find evidence that HMM outperforms threshold GARCH model with Student- t innovations both in-sample and out-of-sample, giving financial operators some appealing investment strategies.

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  • Luca De Angelis & Leonard J. Paas, 2013. "A dynamic analysis of stock markets using a hidden Markov model," Journal of Applied Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 40(8), pages 1682-1700, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:japsta:v:40:y:2013:i:8:p:1682-1700
    DOI: 10.1080/02664763.2013.793302
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    Cited by:

    1. Anton Gerunov, 2023. "Stock Returns Under Different Market Regimes: An Application of Markov Switching Models to 24 European Indices," Economic Studies journal, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences - Economic Research Institute, issue 1, pages 18-35.
    2. Beatrice Foroni & Luca Merlo & Lea Petrella, 2023. "Expectile hidden Markov regression models for analyzing cryptocurrency returns," Papers 2301.09722, arXiv.org, revised Jan 2024.
    3. De Angelis Luca & Viroli Cinzia, 2017. "A Markov-switching regression model with non-Gaussian innovations: estimation and testing," Studies in Nonlinear Dynamics & Econometrics, De Gruyter, vol. 21(2), pages 1-22, April.
    4. Leonard Paas, 2014. "Comments on: Latent Markov models: a review of a general framework for the analysis of longitudinal data with covariates," TEST: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 23(3), pages 473-477, September.
    5. Fulvia Pennoni & Francesco Bartolucci & Gianfranco Forte & Ferdinando Ametrano, 2022. "Exploring the dependencies among main cryptocurrency log‐returns: A hidden Markov model," Economic Notes, Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena SpA, vol. 51(1), February.
    6. Ichkitidze, Yuri, 2018. "Temporary price trends in the stock market with rational agents," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 103-117.
    7. Beatrice Foroni & Luca Merlo & Lea Petrella, 2023. "Quantile and expectile copula-based hidden Markov regression models for the analysis of the cryptocurrency market," Papers 2307.06400, arXiv.org.
    8. Dias, José G. & Vermunt, Jeroen K. & Ramos, Sofia, 2015. "Clustering financial time series: New insights from an extended hidden Markov model," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 243(3), pages 852-864.
    9. Valeriy Zakamulin, 2023. "Not all bull and bear markets are alike: insights from a five-state hidden semi-Markov model," Risk Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 25(1), pages 1-25, March.
    10. Giner, Javier & Zakamulin, Valeriy, 2023. "A regime-switching model of stock returns with momentum and mean reversion," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 122(C).
    11. Tsukasa Hokimoto & Kunio Shimizu, 2014. "A non-homogeneous hidden Markov model for predicting the distribution of sea surface elevation," Journal of Applied Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 41(2), pages 294-319, February.
    12. Danisman, Ozgur & Uzunoglu Kocer, Umay, 2021. "Hidden Markov models with binary dependence," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 567(C).

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