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An empirical note on external debt and defence expenditures in Turkey

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  • Selami Sezgin

Abstract

It is often argued that defence expenditures, and in particular arms imports, are one of the main reasons for the recent increasing trend of Turkey's external debt. This paper empirically examines the relationships between Turkey's defence expenditure and external debt for the period 1979-2000 using Engle-Granger methodology. The findings show no clear evidence of defence-debt relationships for the period analysed.

Suggested Citation

  • Selami Sezgin, 2004. "An empirical note on external debt and defence expenditures in Turkey," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 15(2), pages 199-203, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:defpea:v:15:y:2004:i:2:p:199-203
    DOI: 10.1080/1024269032000110568
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    Cited by:

    1. Erdal Karagol, 2005. "Defence expenditures and external debt in Turkey," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(2), pages 117-125.
    2. Fotios Misopoulos & Vicky Manthou & Zenon Michaelides, 2019. "Environmental and Social Sustainability in UK Construction Industry: a Systematic Literature Review," European Journal of Economics and Business Studies Articles, Revistia Research and Publishing, vol. 5, January -.
    3. Sadik-Zada, Elkhan Richard & Gatto, Andrea, 2019. "Determinants of the Public Debt and the Role of the Natural Resources: a Cross-Country Analysis," ETA: Economic Theory and Applications 285026, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM).
    4. Wang, Wencheng & Ning, Zinan & Shu, Yang & Riti, Joshua Sunday & Riti, Miriam-Kamah J., 2023. "Natural resource rents and public debts nexus in African resource-rich and most indebted nations: Issues with aggregation bias," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    5. Andreou Andreas S. & Zombanakis George A. & Migiakis Petros M., 2013. "On Defence Expenditure Reduction: Balancing Between Austerity and Security in Greece," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 19(3), pages 437-458, December.
    6. Andreas G Georgantopoulos, 2011. "The Interrelationship between Military Expenditure and External Debt: Patterns of Causation in Northern Africa Countries," Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, AMH International, vol. 3(4), pages 264-273.
    7. Erdal Karagol & Aziz Turhan, 2008. "External Debt, Defence Expenditures And Political Business Cycles In Turkey," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(3), pages 217-224.
    8. Paresh Kumar Narayan & Seema Narayan, 2008. "Does Military Expenditure Determine Fiji'S Exploding Debt Levels?," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(1), pages 77-87.
    9. Ampofo, Gideon Minua Kwaku & Jinhua, Cheng & Bosah, Philip Chukwunonso & Ayimadu, Edwin Twum & Senadzo, Patrick, 2021. "Nexus between total natural resource rents and public debt in resource-rich countries:A panel data analysis," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    10. Oya Erdogdu, 2008. "Political Decisions, Defense And Growth," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(1), pages 27-35.
    11. Gitana Dudzevičiūtė & Vida Česnuitytė & Dalia Prakapienė, 2021. "Defence Expenditure–Government Debt Nexus in the Context of Sustainability in Selected Small European Union Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-18, June.
    12. W. Robert J. Alexander, 2013. "The Defence-Debt Nexus: Evidence From The High-Income Members Of Nato," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(2), pages 133-145, April.
    13. Tiwari, Aviral & Shahbaz, Muhammad, 2011. "Does Defence Spending Stimulate Economic Growth in India?," MPRA Paper 30880, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 18 Apr 2011.
    14. Muhammad Shahbaz & Muhammad shahbaz Shabbir & Muhammad sabihuddin Butt, 2016. "Does Military Spending Explode External Debt in Pakistan?," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 27(5), pages 718-741, September.
    15. Erdal Karagol, 2006. "The Relationship Between External Debt, Defence Expenditures And Gnp Revisited: The Case Of Turkey," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 17(1), pages 47-57.
    16. Kadir KARAGÖZ, 2018. "Impact of defence expenditures on external debt: An econometric analysis for Turkey and Turkic Republics," Theoretical and Applied Economics, Asociatia Generala a Economistilor din Romania - AGER, vol. 0(1(614), S), pages 183-192, Spring.
    17. Muhanji, Stella & Ojah, Kalu, 2014. "External debt and military spending: the case of Africa's conflict countries," MPRA Paper 56077, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    18. Eftychia Nikolaidou, 2016. "The role of military expenditure and arms imports in the Greek debt crisis," Economics of Peace and Security Journal, EPS Publishing, vol. 11(1), pages 18-27, April.
    19. Serkan K n & Serta Hopo lu & G rkan Bozma, 2016. "Conflict, Defense Spending and Economic Growth in the Middle East: A Panel Data Analysis," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 6(1), pages 80-86.
    20. Yemane Wolde-Rufael, 2009. "The Defence Spending-External Debt Nexus In Ethiopia," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 20(5), pages 423-436, October.
    21. Sakiru Adebola Solarin, 2017. "Disaggregated military expenditure and the debt level in Nigeria," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 51(4), pages 1687-1705, July.

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