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Ekonomiczne uwarunkowania funkcjonowania pasażerskiego transportu regionalnego w Polsce

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  • Michał Zajfert

Abstract

Można postawić tezę, że istnieje wiele przyczyn mających wymiar ekonomiczny, które sankcjonują większe w porównaniu z transportem drogowym zaangażowanie państwa w regionalny transport kolejowy. Dla wykazania tej tezy posługuję się danymi empirycznymi, obejmującymi segmenty sektora transportowego sporządzanymi przez GUS i UTK oraz rocznymi sprawozdaniami poszczególnych przewoźników kolejowych. Mający miejsce w ostatnich latach spadek przewozów realizowanych przez transport publiczny na obszarach peryferyjnych intuicyjnie wydaje się oczywisty. Znajduje to potwierdzenie w przedstawionych danych statystycznych GUS. Ten negatywny trend potęguje nadal nierozwiązany problem organizacji kolejowych przewozów regionalnych, mimo istnienia opisanych prób wdrażania dobrych praktyk. Ocena przedstawionego problemu na podstawie prostej relacji bezpośrednich kosztów i możliwych do uzyskania przychodów na wstępie określiłaby ekonomicznie uzasadnione rozwiązanie, tj. zaniechanie deficytowych przewozów. Jednak sprawny transport publiczny, realizując ważne społecznie zadania, przynosi ogółowi społeczeństwa wymierne korzyści. Przedstawiona w artykule analiza wskazuje, że możliwa jest kwantyfikacja kosztów zewnętrznych transportu mogących opisać korzyści osiągane przez społeczeństwo. Pozwala to na określenie racjonalnego poziomu dotacji do funkcjonowania transportu publicznego maksymalizującego korzyści ekonomiczne osiągane dzięki temu przez użytkowników i ogół społeczeństwa.

Suggested Citation

  • Michał Zajfert, 2015. "Ekonomiczne uwarunkowania funkcjonowania pasażerskiego transportu regionalnego w Polsce," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 6, pages 71-99.
    • Handle: RePEc:sgh:gosnar:y:2015:i:6:p:71-99
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    transport publiczny; transport regionalny; transport kolejowy; usługi użyteczności publicznej;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O18 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Urban, Rural, Regional, and Transportation Analysis; Housing; Infrastructure
    • R41 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Transportation Economics - - - Transportation: Demand, Supply, and Congestion; Travel Time; Safety and Accidents; Transportation Noise
    • R42 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Transportation Economics - - - Government and Private Investment Analysis; Road Maintenance; Transportation Planning

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