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Determinanty długotrwałego bezrobocia w Polsce - perspektywa lokalna

Author

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  • Monika Maksim
  • Monika Wojdyło-Preisner

Abstract

Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja i klasyfikacja determinant długotrwałego bezrobocia w różnych rodzajach lokalnych gospodarek w Polsce. W badaniu wykorzystano dane pobrane bezpośrednio z systemu publicznych służb zatrudnienia SyriuszStd z sześciu powiatów w Polsce, które objęły populację liczącą 44 tysięcy osób zarejestrowanych jako bezrobotne w dniu 31 grudnia 2010 roku. Każdy z powiatów reprezentował inny typ lokalnej gospodarki. Do identyfikacji czynników determinujących długotrwałe bezrobocie zastosowano metodę regresji logistycznej i analizę ilorazów szans. Uzyskane rezultaty pokazują, że spośród szerokiego zestawu analizowanych czynników tylko siedem ma charakter uniwersalny, oddziałując na ryzyko długotrwałego bezrobocia w każdej gospodarce w taki sam sposób. Wśród nich znalazły się: płeć, wiek do 29 i powyżej 50 lat, znajomość języków obcych, posiadanie dzieci w wieku do 6 lat i zamieszkiwanie na terenie gminy wiejskiej. Pozostałe czynniki, których oddziaływanie w poszczególnych rodzajach gospodarek było zróżnicowane - osłabiane bądź wzmacnianie przez warunki panujące lokalnie - określono jako specyficzne. Zaliczono do nich m.in.: różne poziomy wykształcenia, niepełnosprawność, liczbę posiadanych zawodów. Oznacza to, że grupy zagrożone długotrwałym bezrobociem w ujęciu lokalnym mogą istotnie różnić się między sobą. Bezcelowe wydaje się więc sztywne, odgórne definiowanie kategorii bezrobotnych, którym należy oferować określoną formę pomocy w pierwszej kolejności. W zamian do precyzyjnego wyłaniania adresatów działań aktywizacyjnych na lokalnym rynku pracy sugeruje się zastosowanie procedur profilowania bezrobotnych.

Suggested Citation

  • Monika Maksim & Monika Wojdyło-Preisner, 2015. "Determinanty długotrwałego bezrobocia w Polsce - perspektywa lokalna," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 4, pages 117-136.
  • Handle: RePEc:sgh:gosnar:y:2015:i:4:p:117-136
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    2. Jacob A. Mincer, 1974. "Schooling, Experience, and Earnings," NBER Books, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number minc74-1, July.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    długotrwałe bezrobocie; lokalna gospodarka; determinanty długotrwałego bezrobocia; profilowanie bezrobotnych;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J64 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search

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