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Impacto económico del aumento en el precio de la gasolina en México: un análisis de cointegración y vectores autorregresivos / Economic Impact of the Gasoline Price Increase in Mexico: A Cointegration and Auto-regresive Vector Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Cervantes Jiménez, Miguel

    (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Economía)

  • López Sarabia, Pablo

    (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Contaduría y Administración y Facultad de Economía)

  • Montiel Alejo, Jocelyne

    (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Economía)

Abstract

El artículo muestra que el alza de precios de las gasolinas de bajo y alto octanaje no ha causado inflación general en México. Por medio de un modelo de corrección de error (VEC), utilizando la información del índice nacional de precio al consumidor (INPC) y los índices de precios de la gasolina de bajo y alto octanaje para el periodo de 2002 a 2009. La prueba de causalidad de Granger muestra que los índices de la gasolina del tipo Magna y Premium, así como sus variaciones porcentuales anualizadas no provocaron inflación (INPC). La función de impulso-respuesta y el análisis de descomposición de la varianza del modelo VEC sobre los índices y VAR sobre las variaciones indican que hay un efecto poco significativo sobre el desempeño del índice nacional de precios durante los primeros cuatro meses, esto se debe al reducido gasto de las familias en gasolina (3.7% del gasto total) combinado con la inelasticidad de la demanda de gasolina, así como al escaso peso de la gasolina como insumo en el proceso productivo (0.18% en bienes intermedios y 0.55% en bienes finales) y la determinación de los precios de las gasolinas por parte del Gobierno federal. Aunque los índices de las gasolinas y general de precios están cointegrados, su impacto sobre el INPC no es significati / This article shows that the rise in the cost of low and high octane gasoline has not caused inflation in Mexico. Through an error correction model (VEC), using information from the consumer price index (CPI) and the low and high octane gasoline index for the period 2002 to 2009, the Granger-Causality test shows that CPI and Magna and Premium gasoline indexes, as well as annualized percentage changes did not cause inflation. The impulse response function and the decomposition analysis of variance in the VEC and VAR models indicate that there is not a significant effect on the level of the consumer price index during the first four months, this is due to low household spending on gasoline (3.7% of total) combined with the inelasticity of gasoline demand and the small weight of the fuel as an input in the production process (0.18% in intermediate goods and final goods 0.55% ) and the pricing of gasoline by the Federal Government. Although the gasoline indexes and the consumer price index are cointegrated, their impact on the CPI is not significant, reflecting the price control of gasoline in Mexico

Suggested Citation

  • Cervantes Jiménez, Miguel & López Sarabia, Pablo & Montiel Alejo, Jocelyne, 2011. "Impacto económico del aumento en el precio de la gasolina en México: un análisis de cointegración y vectores autorregresivos / Economic Impact of the Gasoline Price Increase in Mexico: A Cointegration," Estocástica: finanzas y riesgo, Departamento de Administración de la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Azcapotzalco, vol. 1(2), pages 63-93, julio-dic.
  • Handle: RePEc:sfr:efruam:v:1:y:2011:i:2:p:63-93
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Modelos econométricos; Vector autorregresivo; Cointegración; Precio gasolina; Inflación / Econometric Models; Autoregressive Vector; Cointegration; Gasoline Cost; Inflation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C5 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling
    • D9 - Microeconomics - - Micro-Based Behavioral Economics
    • I1 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health
    • Q3 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation

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