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Three Challenges for the Compact City as a Sustainable Urban Form: Household Consumption of Energy and Transport in Eight Residential Areas in the Greater Oslo Region

Author

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  • Erling Holden

    (Western Norway Research Institute, PO Box 163, 6851 Sognal, Norway, erling.holden@vestforsk.no)

  • Ingrid T. Norland

    (Programme for Research and Documentation for a Sustainable Society (ProSus), Centre for Development and the Environment, University of Oslo, PO Box 1116, Blindem, 0317 Oslo, Norway, i.t.norland@prosus.uio.no)

Abstract

The results of a recent survey conducted in eight residential areas in the Greater Oslo Region support the hypothesis that there is a connection between land use characteristics and household consumption of energy and transport. Findings from the survey also lend great support to the compact city as a sustainable urban form. However, three distinct findings indicate that decentralised concentration could lead to even lower energy use in households: while the extent of everyday travel decreases in densely populated areas, the central urban areas represent the highest level of leisure-time travel by plane; the access to a private garden limits the extent of leisure travel; and, the difference in energy use for housing between single-family and multifamily housing is reduced in housing built after 1980, indicating that the established conclusions on the most energy-efficient housing should be questioned.

Suggested Citation

  • Erling Holden & Ingrid T. Norland, 2005. "Three Challenges for the Compact City as a Sustainable Urban Form: Household Consumption of Energy and Transport in Eight Residential Areas in the Greater Oslo Region," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 42(12), pages 2145-2166, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:urbstu:v:42:y:2005:i:12:p:2145-2166
    DOI: 10.1080/00420980500332064
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sylvia Lorek, Joachim H. Spangenberg, 2001. "Indicators for environmentally sustainable household consumption," International Journal of Sustainable Development, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 4(1), pages 101-120.
    2. World Commission on Environment and Development,, 1987. "Our Common Future," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780192820808.
    3. Karl Georg Hoyer, Erling Holden, 2001. "Housing as basis for sustainable consumption," International Journal of Sustainable Development, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 4(1), pages 48-58.
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