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Recherche de rente, politique commerciale et développement

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  • Hillel Rapoport

Abstract

[fre] Le concept de recherche de rente a été développé pour qualifier des activités qui visent à orienter la décision publique afin de bénéficier des effets redistributifs de celle- ci. Cette démarche s'inscrit dans le cadre plus large de la nouvelle économie politique néo-classique, dont l'ambition est de mettre en évidence les inefficiences engendrées par la régulation étatique, et ce au-delà de ce qu'a déjà montré l'analyse traditionnelle. En cas de recherche de rente, des ressources réelles sont en effet soustraites aux secteurs productifs de l'économie pour être réallouées à des activités improductives sur le plan social. Les conséquences de ces activités ont d'abord été soulignées en ce qui concerne les restrictions à la concurrence intérieure, avant que l'analyse ne soit étendue aux instruments de la politique commerciale puis à l'ensemble des domaines d'intervention de l'Etat. L'article soutient que la théorie de la recherche de rente, notamment dans son application à la politique commerciale, donne toute sa mesure dans le contexte des pays en développement. Elle permet d'éclairer les fondements institutionnels du manque de dynamisme économique de nombreux pays, pays qui peuvent parfois apparaître comme de véritables sociétés de recherche de rente. [eng] The rent-seeking theory has been developed to specify economic ac- tivities which aim to induce public policies in order to benefit from their distributional effects. It takes part in the new neo-classical political economy, that points out the negative consequences of public regulations over what has already been demonstrated by traditional economic analysis. Rent-seeking activities transfer real resources from productive sectors and reallocate them to socially unproductive efforts. The consequences of these activities have firstly been emphasised for restrictions to internal competition, and the analysis then extended to commercial policy and to a wide range of state interventions. Rent-seeking theory, especially when applied to commercial policy issues, is extremely relevant in the context of developing countries. It highlights the institutional foundations of the lack of economic dynamism encountered in a large number of developing countries that can appear as rent-seeking societies.

Suggested Citation

  • Hillel Rapoport, 1995. "Recherche de rente, politique commerciale et développement," Revue Française d'Économie, Programme National Persée, vol. 10(2), pages 147-185.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:rfreco:rfeco_0769-0479_1995_num_10_2_980
    DOI: 10.3406/rfeco.1995.980
    Note: DOI:10.3406/rfeco.1995.980
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    Cited by:

    1. Samira Guennif, 2009. "Aids In India," Working Papers id:1974, eSocialSciences.
    2. Zaiter Lahimer, Mahjouba, 2011. "L’impact des entrées de capitaux privés sur la croissance économique dans les pays en développement," Economics Thesis from University Paris Dauphine, Paris Dauphine University, number 123456789/7670 edited by Sterdyniak, Henri.

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