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L'influence des cultures du risque sur l'expertise scientifique. Le cas des ogm

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  • Alexis Roy

Abstract

[fre] A travers le cas des organismes génétiquement modifiés, cet article montre comment des cultures épistémiques structurent les activités d'évaluation du risque mises en œuvre au sein de l'expertise scientifique. S'appuyant sur une approche du risque dominante en biologie moléculaire, cette culture a ainsi contribué à organiser le rôle de l'expertise autour d'une philosophie pragmatique de la sécurité où il s'agit d'encadrer sans entraver le développement technique. L'exemple d'une controverse scientifique montre que cette approche des risques a fonctionné à partir de principes normatifs où le risque participe à la définition des propriétés socio-économiques de l'innovation. [eng] With the case of GMOs, we show in this paper how the way risk assessment is implemented in scientific expertise and is framed by epistemics cultures. Mainly based on molecular biology principles, this culture contributes to define norms about the social utility of innovation. In France, scientific expertise has played a major role until 1 997 in the design of a pragmatic philosophy of security.

Suggested Citation

  • Alexis Roy, 2002. "L'influence des cultures du risque sur l'expertise scientifique. Le cas des ogm," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 271(1), pages 35-48.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_2002_num_271_1_5340
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.2002.5340
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.2002.5340
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