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Regards croisés sur le système monétaire international

Author

Listed:
  • Patrick Artus
  • Agnès Bénassy-Quéré
  • André Cartapanis
  • Marc Flandreau

Abstract

[eng] Meeting Eyes on the International Financial System.. During the 27th Journées d’économie financière et monétaire (Bordeaux, June 2010 ; CNRS GdRE 335), the authors have been discussing different points of view relative to the International Financial System. Marc Flandreau analyzes how the acceptances market has been used by the Americain central bank, supported by a political will, to ease the emergence of the dollar as the international currency at the beginning of the 20th century. As for André Cartapanis, the dollar and the euro are into a stable hierarchical configuration : the dollar being an undisputed international currency and the euro a brilliant second. A purely economic analysis does not explain this supremacy, as the international currency also responds to specific political factors and the euro does not offer, on this level, the same attributes that the U. S. dollar. Patrick Artus gives an investor’s outlook : global imbalances will remain but will move due to the ongoing shrinking of the Chinese commercial surpluses and acute attention is now payed to the quality of the assets of central banks balance sheets. Agnès Bénassy-Quéré stresses the unbalances between the relative weights of the real and the financial sectors in both emerging and developed [fre] À l’occasion d’une table ronde organisée dans le cadre des 27ème Journées d’économie financière et monétaire (Bordeaux, juin 2010 ; CNRS GdRE 335), les auteurs ont confronté différents points de vue sur le système monétaire international. Marc Flandreau analyse le rôle joué par le marché américain des « acceptances » dans la montée en puissance du dollar comme monnaie internationale au début du XXème siècle et souligne le soutien actif apporté par la banque centrale et les responsables politiques américains. Pour André Cartapanis, le dollar et l’euro semblent s’être installés dans une configuration stable mais hiérarchisée -le dollar monnaie internationale incontestée et l’euro brillant second -qu’une analyse strictement économique ne permet pas d’expliquer. Le statut de monnaie internationale répond en effet aussi à des facteurs spécifiquement politiques et l’euro ne dispose pas, sur ce plan, des mêmes attributs que le dollar. Patrick Artus traite de la manière dont les marchés perçoivent les évolutions en cours : des déséquilibres vont se maintenir mais se déplacer avec la réduction en cours des excédents commerciaux chinois et une attention de plus en plus forte est portée par les investisseurs à la qualité des actifs au bilan des banques centrales. Agnès Bénassy-Quéré insiste sur les divergences entre les poids relatifs, dans les pays développés et émergents, des économies réelles et financières, causes de fortes variations des taux de change et d’asymétries d’ajustement. Elle explore les différentes voies de réforme du système monétaire international. . Classification JEL : F31, F32.

Suggested Citation

  • Patrick Artus & Agnès Bénassy-Quéré & André Cartapanis & Marc Flandreau, 2010. "Regards croisés sur le système monétaire international," Revue d'Économie Financière, Programme National Persée, vol. 100(4), pages 253-278.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recofi:ecofi_0987-3368_2010_num_100_4_5835
    DOI: 10.3406/ecofi.2010.5835
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecofi.2010.5835
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    JEL classification:

    • F31 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Foreign Exchange
    • F32 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Current Account Adjustment; Short-term Capital Movements

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