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Legal Tools for Blue-Green Infrastructure Planning—Based on the Example of Poznań (Poland)

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  • Patryk Antoszewski

    (Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Agriculture, Horticulture, and Bioengineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland)

  • Dariusz Świerk

    (Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Agriculture, Horticulture, and Bioengineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland)

  • Michał Krzyżaniak

    (Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Agriculture, Horticulture, and Bioengineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland)

  • Adam Choryński

    (Meteorology Laboratory, Department of Construction and Geoengineering, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Piątkowska 94E, 60-649 Poznań, Poland)

Abstract

In Polish law, no mechanisms exist to maximize the application and protection of blue and green infrastructure (BGI) in urban areas. A comprehensive legal framework does not entirely govern urban BGI facilities. Urban planning lacks an appropriate indicator, first and foremost. This study aimed to analyze the Polish legal criteria for the viability of designing and implementing BGI facilities. The authors also researched ways to aid legislators in growing and maintaining BGI in urban areas. In Poznań, a case study was carried out on applying the greenery planning and design law. Local spatial development plans (MPZP) are now the only legal tools in Poland that allow for the protection and establishment of BGI. According to data from Statistics Poland for 2021, the proportion of the country’s total area covered by existing local plans (based on current law) is around 20.51%. When the MPZP does not cover a portion of a municipality, administrative decisions are made by issuing development conditions (WZ) for the plot. WZ may become a tool for environmental damage under investment pressure. Ideas put forward by the authors are: (1) creating urban nature reserves (as one method of land use); (2) evaluating BGI as an integral part of eco-physiographic studies and spatial planning; and (3) creating a new urban indicator with more complex parameters.

Suggested Citation

  • Patryk Antoszewski & Dariusz Świerk & Michał Krzyżaniak & Adam Choryński, 2023. "Legal Tools for Blue-Green Infrastructure Planning—Based on the Example of Poznań (Poland)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-23, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2023:i:1:p:141-:d:1305762
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Raymond, Christopher M. & Frantzeskaki, Niki & Kabisch, Nadja & Berry, Pam & Breil, Margaretha & Nita, Mihai Razvan & Geneletti, Davide & Calfapietra, Carlo, 2017. "A framework for assessing and implementing the co-benefits of nature-based solutions in urban areas," Environmental Science & Policy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 15-24.
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