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When will European Muslim population be majority and in which country?

Author

Listed:
  • Pierre Rostan
  • Alexandra Rostan

Abstract

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to estimate the years the European Muslim population will be majority among 30 European countries. Design/methodology/approach - The methodology/approach is to forecast the population of 30 European countries with wavelet analysis combined with the Burg model which fits apthorder autoregressive model to the input signal by minimizing (least squares) the forward and backward prediction errors while constraining the autoregressive parameters to satisfy the Levinson–Durbin recursion, then relies on an infinite impulse response prediction error filter. Three scenarios are considered: the zero-migration scenario where the authors assume that the Muslim population has a higher fertility (one child more per woman, on average) than other Europeans, mirroring a global pattern; a 2017 migration scenario: to the Muslim population obtained in the zero-migration scenario, the authors add a continuous flow of migrants every year based on year 2017; the mid-point migration scenario is obtained by averaging the data of the two previous scenarios. Findings - Among three scenarios, the most likely mid-point migration scenario identifies 13 countries where the Muslim population will be majority between years 2085 and 2215: Cyprus (in year 2085), Sweden (2125), France (2135), Greece (2135), Belgium (2140), Bulgaria (2140), Italy (2175), Luxembourg (2175), the UK (2180), Slovenia (2190), Switzerland (2195), Ireland (2200) and Lithuania (2215). The 17 remaining countries will never reach majority in the next 200 years. Originality/value - The growing Muslim population will change the face of Europe socially, politically and economically. This paper will provide a better insight and understanding of Muslim population dynamics to European governments, policymakers, as well as social and economic planners.

Suggested Citation

  • Pierre Rostan & Alexandra Rostan, 2019. "When will European Muslim population be majority and in which country?," PSU Research Review, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 3(2), pages 123-144, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:eme:prrpps:prr-12-2018-0034
    DOI: 10.1108/PRR-12-2018-0034
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Pierre Rostan & Alexandra Rostan, 2023. "The benefit of the Covid‐19 pandemic on global temperature projections," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(8), pages 2079-2098, December.
    2. Pierre Rostan & Alexandra Rostan, 2024. "How Australia's economy gained momentum because of Covid‐19," Australian Economic Papers, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 63(1), pages 36-58, March.
    3. Pierre Rostan & Alexandra Rostan & John Wall, 2024. "Measuring the Resilience to the Covid-19 Pandemic of Eurozone Economies with Their 2050 Forecasts," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 63(3), pages 1137-1157, March.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    European population; Muslim population; Forecasts; Wavelet analysis; Burg model; C53; E37;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C53 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Forecasting and Prediction Models; Simulation Methods
    • E37 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications

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