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Executive functions and intelligence- are there genetic difference?

Author

Listed:
  • Nikolašević, Željka
  • Smederevac, Snežana
  • Bugarski Ignjatović, Vojislava
  • Kodžopeljić, Jasmina
  • Milovanović, Ilija
  • Prinz, Mechthild
  • Budimlija, Zoran

Abstract

The first aim of this study was to explore the aetiology of phenotypic relationships between different measures of executive functions. The second objective was to examine sources of the covariation between different measures of executive functions and the measure of general cognitive ability. The study sample consisted of 468 twins (154 pairs of monozygotic twins and 80 pairs of dizygotic twins) of the same and different gender who grew up together. Executive functions were evaluated by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, the Trail Making Test – form B, and verbal fluency tests. Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices were used as a measure of general cognitive ability. The study results suggest a primarily genetic origin of the mutual covariation of different executive measures and their covariation with the general cognitive ability construct. While the shared genetic variance primarily lies in the bases of similarity/unity of the used cognitive measures, their particularity/difference is determined by a specific unshared environment. The obtained result on the presence of a single general genetic factor, which can be singled out in the case of different executive measures, at least partially speaks in favor of the thesis about the unity of various executive measures and the existence of a common basic ability. Together with the specific unshared environment, the specific genetic influence speaks in favor of a difference between each of the individual measures.

Suggested Citation

  • Nikolašević, Željka & Smederevac, Snežana & Bugarski Ignjatović, Vojislava & Kodžopeljić, Jasmina & Milovanović, Ilija & Prinz, Mechthild & Budimlija, Zoran, 2020. "Executive functions and intelligence- are there genetic difference?," Intelligence, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:intell:v:82:y:2020:i:c:s0160289620300581
    DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2020.101480
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gary E. Swan & Dorit Carmelli, 2002. "Evidence for Genetic Mediation of Executive Control," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 57(2), pages 133-143.
    2. Rosseel, Yves, 2012. "lavaan: An R Package for Structural Equation Modeling," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 48(i02).
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