IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/finlet/v57y2023ics1544612323005883.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Merger and acquisition performance commitments and shareholding reductions

Author

Listed:
  • Zhou, Chensong
  • Zhang, Xiangzhi
  • Xiong, Lingyun
  • Chen, Chuanyong

Abstract

This study examines the effect of performance commitment agreements (PCAs) signed in merger and acquisition (M&A) on executives’ trading behaviors based on A-share listed companies in China during 2013–2021. We find that executives of listed companies with PCAs are more likely to reduce their stock holdings after the completion of the transaction relative to M&A transactions without performance commitments. When PCAs have higher coverage of performance commitments or a higher level of internal control, the executives of listed companies are less likely to use PCAs for arbitrage.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhou, Chensong & Zhang, Xiangzhi & Xiong, Lingyun & Chen, Chuanyong, 2023. "Merger and acquisition performance commitments and shareholding reductions," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 57(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:finlet:v:57:y:2023:i:c:s1544612323005883
    DOI: 10.1016/j.frl.2023.104216
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1544612323005883
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.frl.2023.104216?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Doukas, John A. & Zhang, Rongyao, 2021. "Managerial ability, corporate social culture, and M&As," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    2. Dongmin Kong & Boyang Liu, 2023. "Digital Technology and Corporate Social Responsibility: Evidence from China," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 59(9), pages 2967-2993, July.
    3. Renneboog, Luc & Vansteenkiste, Cara, 2019. "Failure and success in mergers and acquisitions," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 650-699.
    4. Bachiller, Patricia & Boubaker, Sabri & Mefteh-Wali, Salma, 2021. "Financial derivatives and firm value: What have we learned?," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 39(C).
    5. Hossain, Mohammed Sawkat, 2021. "Merger & Acquisitions (M&As) as an important strategic vehicle in business: Thematic areas, research avenues & possible suggestions," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
    6. Huang, Wei & Goodell, John W. & Zhang, Hong, 2019. "Pre-merger management in developing markets: The role of earnings glamor," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    7. Greaney, Theresa M. & Tanaka, Ayumu, 2021. "Foreign Ownership, Exporting and Gender Wage Gaps: Evidence from Japanese Linked Employer-Employee Data," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 61(C).
    8. Yen, Tze-Yu & André, Paul, 2019. "Market reaction to the effect of corporate social responsibility on mergers and acquisitions: Evidence on emerging markets," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 114-131.
    9. Forgione, Antonio Fabio & Migliardo, Carlo, 2020. "CSR engagement and market structure: Evidence from listed banks," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 35(C).
    10. Datta, Deepak K. & Basuil, Dynah A. & Agarwal, Ankita, 2020. "Effects of board characteristics on post-acquisition performance: A study of cross-border acquisitions by firms in the manufacturing sector," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 29(3).
    11. Bose, Sudipta & Minnick, Kristina & Shams, Syed, 2021. "Does carbon risk matter for corporate acquisition decisions?," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    12. Fuentelsaz, Lucio & Garrido, Elisabet & González, Minerva, 2020. "Ownership in cross-border acquisitions and entry timing of the target firm," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 55(2).
    13. Daniliuc, Sorin Ovidiu & Li, Lingwei & Wee, Marvin, 2020. "Busy directors and firm performance: Evidence from Australian mergers," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    14. Yang, Jin Young & Segara, Reuben, 2020. "Foreign investors’ trading behaviors around merger and acquisition announcements: Evidence from Korea," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 37(C).
    15. Cheng, Xin & (Helen) Wang, He & Wang, Xianjue, 2022. "Common institutional ownership and corporate social responsibility," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 136(C).
    16. Zhou, Bing & Dutta, Shantanu & Zhu, Pengcheng, 2020. "CEO tenure and mergers and acquisitions," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 34(C).
    17. Renneboog, Luc & Vansteenkiste, Cara, 2019. "Failure and success in mergers and acquisitions," Other publications TiSEM 9baa3ffc-67cb-4647-9da5-a, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    18. Park, Kathleen Marshall & Meglio, Olimpia & Schriber, Svante, 2019. "Building a global corporate social responsibility program via mergers and acquisitions: A managerial framework," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 62(3), pages 395-407.
    19. Zhu, Bing & Xia, Xiaoxue & Zheng, Xiaojia, 2021. "One way out of the share pledging quagmire: Evidence from mergers and acquisitions," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Bao, Yangming & Li, Jie, 2024. "Cross-border M&A, gender-equal culture, and board gender diversity," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    2. Suman Lodh & Nitin Deshmukh & Alireza Rohani, 2024. "Stemming the tide: Does climate risk affect M&A performance?," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 33(2), pages 858-881, February.
    3. Hou, Xipei & Shen, Yinjie(Victor) & Xing, Jing & Zhou, Fuzhao, 2023. "Hastily announced: Mergers and acquisitions with pledging shareholders," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    4. Birhanu, Addis & Geiler, Philipp & Renneboog, Luc & Zhao, Yang, 2021. "Acquisition experience and director remuneration," Other publications TiSEM 6c1d41ae-5e2a-4868-b1af-1, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    5. Li, Hui & Wu, Dongdong, 2024. "Online investor attention and firm restructuring performance: Insights from an event-based DEA-Tobit model," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 122(C).
    6. Yue Gu & Shenglin Ben & Jiamin Lv, 2022. "Peer Effect in Merger and Acquisition Activities and Its Impact on Corporate Sustainable Development: Evidence from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-20, March.
    7. Hussain, Tanveer & Loureiro, Gilberto, 2023. "Target industry takeover competition and the wealth effects of mergers and acquisitions: International evidence," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
    8. Aabo, Tom & Hansen, Jakob Berggreen & Petersen, Sebastian Malling, 2023. "Love thy neighbor: CEO extraversion and corporate acquisitions," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 55(PA).
    9. Hussain, Tanveer & Shams, Syed, 2022. "Pre-deal differences in corporate social responsibility and acquisition performance," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    10. Hossain, Mohammed Sawkat, 2021. "Merger & Acquisitions (M&As) as an important strategic vehicle in business: Thematic areas, research avenues & possible suggestions," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
    11. Li, Xue & Anwar, Sajid & Peng, Fei, 2022. "Cross-border acquisitions and the performance of Chinese publicly listed companies," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 575-588.
    12. Zhu, Lei & Shen, Jie & Yeerken, Aruna, 2024. "Impact analysis of mergers and acquisitions on the performance of China's new energy industries," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).
    13. Jana P. Fidrmuc & Tereza Tykvova, 2023. "Are Acquirer Shareholders Happier when Their Industries Are Unhappy?," Swiss Finance Institute Research Paper Series 23-52, Swiss Finance Institute.
    14. Zhang, Yongshen & Zhang, Qing & Yu, Xiaoliang & Ma, Qiushu, 2023. "Equity overvaluation, insider trading activity, and M&A premium: Evidence from China," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    15. Kargas, Antonios & Argyroulis, Vasileios & Varoutas, Dimitrios, 2023. "Mergers and acquisitions in telecommunications market: a simultaneous equations approach to study Structure, Conduct and Performance," 32nd European Regional ITS Conference, Madrid 2023: Realising the digital decade in the European Union – Easier said than done? 277984, International Telecommunications Society (ITS).
    16. Holtfort, Thomas, 2023. "Quantenökonomie: Einfluss der Quantenphysik auf ökonomische Entscheidungsprozesse," Arbeitspapiere der FOM 88, FOM Hochschule für Oekonomie & Management.
    17. Chen, Sheng-Syan & Huang, Chia-Wei & Lin, Chih-Yen, 2023. "Does CEO general managerial ability matter in M&A voting?," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 14-24.
    18. Porzio, Claudio & Salerno, Dario & Stella, Gian Paolo, 2023. "Retail investors’ sensitivity to the development and promotion of CSR issues," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 53(C).
    19. Dmytro Osiichuk & Paweł Wnuczak, 2023. "Do Corporate Consolidations Affect the Competitive Positioning of Non-Financial Firms in China?," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(4), pages 21582440231, December.
    20. Wen Shi & Xiaogang Bi & Agyenim Boateng & Shuai Yuan, 2023. "Chairperson (CEO) facial structure and risky investments: evidence from Chinese acquisitions," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 61(4), pages 1177-1205, November.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:finlet:v:57:y:2023:i:c:s1544612323005883. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/frl .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.