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Difference in difference meets generalized least squares: Higher order properties of hypotheses tests

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Author Info
Hausman, Jerry
Kuersteiner, Guido

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Abstract

We investigate the estimation and inference in difference in difference econometric models used in the analysis of treatment effects. When the innovations in such models display serial correlation, commonly used ordinary least squares (OLS) procedures are inefficient and may lead to tests with incorrect size. Implementation of feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) procedures is often hindered by too few observations in the cross-section to allow for unrestricted estimation of the weight matrix without leading to tests with similar size distortions as conventional OLS based procedures. We analyze the small sample properties of FGLS based tests with a formal higher order Edgeworth expansion that allows us to construct a size corrected version of the test. We also address the question of optimal temporal aggregation as a method to reduce the dimension of the weight matrix. We apply our procedure to data on regulation of mobile telephone service prices. We find that a size corrected FGLS based test outperforms tests based on OLS.

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Publisher Info
Article provided by Elsevier in its journal Journal of Econometrics.

Volume (Year): 144 (2008)
Issue (Month): 2 (June)
Pages: 371-391
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Handle: RePEc:eee:econom:v:144:y:2008:i:2:p:371-391

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Web page: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/jeconom

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Mundlak, Yair, 1978. "On the Pooling of Time Series and Cross Section Data," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 46(1), pages 69-85, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Rothenberg, Thomas J, 1984. "Approximate Normality of Generalized Least Squares Estimates," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 52(4), pages 811-25, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  3. Moulton, Brent R., 1986. "Random group effects and the precision of regression estimates," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 32(3), pages 385-397, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. Marianne Bertrand & Esther Duflo & Sendhil Mullainathan, 2002. "How Much Should We Trust Differences-in-Differences Estimates?," NBER Working Papers 8841, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  5. Hausman, Jerry A, 1978. "Specification Tests in Econometrics," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 46(6), pages 1251-71, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. Nickell, Stephen J, 1981. "Biases in Dynamic Models with Fixed Effects," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 49(6), pages 1417-26, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. Jinyong Hahn & Jerry Hausman & Guido Kuersteiner, 2005. "Bias Corrected Instrumental Variables Estimation for Dynamic Panel Models with Fixed E¤ects," Boston University - Department of Economics - Working Papers Series WP2005-024, Boston University - Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  8. Kiefer, Nicholas M., 1980. "Estimation of fixed effect models for time series of cross-sections with arbitrary intertemporal covariance," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 14(2), pages 195-202, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Ben Vollaard, 2005. "Police numbers up, crime rates down. The effect of police on crime in the Netherlands, 1996-2003," Law and Economics 0501006, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
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