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Qualität der Kindertageseinrichtung beeinflusst kindliche Gesundheit

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  • Frauke H. Peter

Abstract

Previous studies on the impact of day care center attendance on child development have focused on quantitative aspects (e. g., capacity of the center). Yet the quality of a day care center is also relevant and is increasingly being discussed in the context of day care expansion. The discussion is often limited, however, to improving children’s skills and rarely addresses their health, although this is a key factor in their age-appropriate development. A study by DIW Berlin using data from the Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP) and official child and youth services data (KJH-Statistik) shows that regional differences in the quality of day care centers affect the development of children’s health. Preschool children attending a day care center with a high child-staff-ratio are more likely to be sick at the age of five and six. The study also demonstrates that entering early childhood care at four years of age or later increases the probability of illness at the ages of five or six, compared to children attending at a younger age. Bisherige Untersuchungen zur Bedeutung des Besuchs einer Kindertageseinrichtung (Kita) für die kindliche Entwicklung analysieren vorrangig den Einfluss quantitativer Aspekte (beispielsweise des Platzangebots). Wichtig sind aber auch qualitative Aspekte, die aktuell im Zug des Kita-Ausbaus vermehrt diskutiert werden. Die Diskussion beschränkt sich jedoch häufig auf eine Förderung der Fähigkeiten von Kindern und adressiert kaum ihre Gesundheit. Die kindliche Gesundheit ist ein zentraler Faktor für die altersgerechte Entwicklung. Eine Untersuchung des DIW Berlin auf Basis von Daten des Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP) und amtlicher Daten der Kinder- und Jugendhilfestatistik (KJH- Statistik) zeigt, dass regionale Qualitätsunterschiede in der Kindertagesbetreuung die Entwicklung der kindlichen Gesundheit beeinflussen. Vorschulkinder, die im Alter von drei bis sechs Jahren eine Kindertageseinrichtung mit einem hohen Kind-Betreuer- Schlüssel besuchen, erkranken eher im Alter von fünf und sechs Jahren. Darüber hinaus zeigt die Studie, dass der Eintritt in frühkindliche Betreuung ab vier Jahren die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer Erkrankung im Alter von fünf und sechs Jahren gegenüber einem früheren Beginn erhöhen kann.

Suggested Citation

  • Frauke H. Peter, 2014. "Qualität der Kindertageseinrichtung beeinflusst kindliche Gesundheit," DIW Wochenbericht, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 81(18), pages 419-426.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwwob:81-18-1
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    day care quality; health; conditional difference-in-differences matching;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J13 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth

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