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Zeitenwende für Wertschöpfungsketten Deutschlands und der EU?

Author

Listed:
  • Heike Joebges
  • Melike Döver

Abstract

Vulnerability of trade in value chains to disruptions has highlighted production losses in the wake of natural disasters, Brexit and the US trade conflict with China, as well as massive supply problems in the wake of the corona pandemic. The war in Ukraine increases the perception of geo-strategic problems of trade dependence. Reshoring could reduce vulnerability of production in value chains. The development of the integration of Germany and the EU into global value chains up to now also shows that the global financial crisis has already heralded a turning point in global trade. The importance of regional, i. e. intra-EU value chains, has increased. At the same time, however, the share of value added from China has also risen for both Germany and the EU-27. The resulting geo-strategic conflicts are likely to remain in focus. Empirical experience, however, suggests that without targeted industrial policy incentives, hardly any reshoring is to be expected. Die Störanfälligkeit von Handel in Wertschöpfungsketten haben Produktionsausfälle im Zuge von Naturkatastrophen, der Brexit und der US-amerikanische Handelskonflikt mit China verdeutlicht, ebenso wie massive Lieferprobleme im Zuge der Corona-Pandemie. Der Krieg in der Ukraine erhöht die Wahrnehmung geo-strategischer Probleme von Handelsabhängigkeit. Eine Möglichkeit zur Verringerung der Störanfälligkeit von arbeitsteiliger Produktion über mehrere Länder ist Reshoring von Produktion. Die Bestandsaufnahme der bisherigen Entwicklung der Einbindung Deutschlands bzw. der EU in globale Wertschöpfungsketten zeigt auch, dass die weltweite Finanzkrise zwar schon eine Zeitenwende im globalen Handel eingeläutet hat. Die Bedeutung regionaler, also intra-EU Wertschöpfungsketten ist gestiegen. Gleichzeitig ist aber zudem sowohl für Deutschland als auch für die EU-27 der Anteil an Wertschöpfung aus China gestiegen. Daraus resultierende geo-strategische Konflikte dürften weiterhin im Fokus stehen. Empirische Erfahrungen deuten daraufhin, dass ohne gezielte industriepolitische Anreize jedoch kaum Reshoring zu erwarten ist.

Suggested Citation

  • Heike Joebges & Melike Döver, 2022. "Zeitenwende für Wertschöpfungsketten Deutschlands und der EU?," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 91(3), pages 83-97.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwvjh:91-3-5
    DOI: 10.3790/vjh.91.3.83
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Global value chains; reshoring; backshoring; nearshoring; friendshoring; us-china trade conflict; trade in value added; input-output;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F10 - International Economics - - Trade - - - General
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • F15 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Economic Integration
    • F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business
    • R15 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Econometric and Input-Output Models; Other Methods

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