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Strategic Pricing with Customer Rationing: The Case of Primary Metals

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  • Margaret E. Slade

Abstract

Firms in primary-metal industries often charge subcompetitive prices and, in periods of high demand, they may ration their customers. A model is developed to explain these empirical regularities. In the model, firms with market power are aware that the price they charge today affects their demand tomorrow. In addition, the strategic interactions among firms reinforces this intertemporal effect. In the equilibrium of the two-state game, oligopolists can price below marginal cost. And, when capacity constraints are introduced, the equilibrium can involve rationing. Model predictions are assessed using market-structure and technology data for several primary-metal industries.

Suggested Citation

  • Margaret E. Slade, 1991. "Strategic Pricing with Customer Rationing: The Case of Primary Metals," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 24(1), pages 70-100, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:cje:issued:v:24:y:1991:i:1:p:70-100
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Felix Oberholzer-Gee, 2003. "A Market for Time: Fairness and Efficiency in Waiting Lines," CREMA Working Paper Series 2003-04, Center for Research in Economics, Management and the Arts (CREMA).
    2. Kim, Moshe & Kliger, Doron & Vale, Bent, 2003. "Estimating switching costs: the case of banking," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 12(1), pages 25-56, January.
    3. Claudio Agostini, 2005. "Testing for Market Power under the Two-Price System in the U.S. Copper Industry," ILADES-UAH Working Papers inv159, Universidad Alberto Hurtado/School of Economics and Business.
    4. Richard J. Gilbert & Paul Klemperer, 2000. "An Equilibrium Theory of Rationing," RAND Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 31(1), pages 1-21, Spring.
    5. Hubbard, R Glenn & Weiner, Robert J, 1992. "Long-Term Contracting and Multiple-Price Systems," The Journal of Business, University of Chicago Press, vol. 65(2), pages 177-198, April.
    6. Addison, Tony & Ghoshray, Atanu, 2023. "Discerning trends in international metal prices in the presence of nonstationary volatility," Resource and Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    7. Agostini, Claudio & Saavedra, Eduardo H., 2013. "Chile: Port congestion and efficient rationing in cargo transfer operations," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), December.
    8. Baldursson, Fridrik M., 1998. "Irreversible investment under uncertainty in oligopoly," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 22(4), pages 627-644, April.

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