Les félicités du capital en santé. Épanouissement, épreuves et tensions critiques des industries pharmaceutiques aux Nords et aux Suds

While the term ?crisis? has constantly been used since the mid-2000s to describe a financialized pharmaceutical industry, speculating on a limited number of innovations of high clinical added value, this article broadens the perspective by considering the pharmaceutical capitalisms of the Global North and South in all their diversity. We present a socio-historical analysis of several modes of implementation of these health industries and the conditions of "felicity" of their scientific and financial model. While stressing the importance of the political infrastructures underpinning the construction of markets, and the institutional orders within which the industries exist (and which they help to shape), we show that it is possible to analyze the development of pharmaceutical capitalisms in terms of three criteria: the degree of financialization, the forms of intellectual property, and the role of biotechnologies. This analysis calls into question the division between the industrial and innovative North, on the one hand, and the South that has to manage shortages, on the other.