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Income Elasticity and the Gender Gap: A Challenging MDG for the MENA Countries

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  • Emara Noha M.F.

    (Rutgers University – Camden, 311 N. Fifth St, Camden, NJ 08102, USA)

Abstract

The gender equality target is still considered one of the most challenging goals for most Middle East and North African (MENA) Countries. Using panel least square with regional dummies (LSDV) for 22 MENA countries over the period 1990–2007, the study concludes that with less than 5 years for the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to be concluded, a significant acceleration in economic growth is required for the MENA countries to achieve the gender goal if these countries depended solely on economic growth. As a policy implication, the increase in economic growth in the MENA countries needs to be complemented with other factors boosting the achievability of the gender equality such as the government spending on education, infrastructure, and encouragement of international trade. All three factors proved to have a statistical significant and important impact on closing the gender gap.

Suggested Citation

  • Emara Noha M.F., 2014. "Income Elasticity and the Gender Gap: A Challenging MDG for the MENA Countries," Review of Middle East Economics and Finance, De Gruyter, vol. 10(3), pages 1-29, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:bpj:rmeecf:v:10:y:2014:i:3:p:29:n:1
    DOI: 10.1515/rmeef-2012-0034
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Seguino, Stephanie, 2006. "The Road to Gender Equality: Global Trends and the Way Forward," MPRA Paper 6510, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Emara Noha M. F., 2014. "Effect of Income Elasticity on MDG Health Indicators: The Case of MENA Countries," Review of Middle East Economics and Finance, De Gruyter, vol. 10(1), pages 1-21, April.
    3. Lantican, Clarita P & Gladwin, Christina H & Seale, James L, Jr, 1996. "Income and Gender Inequalities in Asia: Testing Alternative Theories of Development," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 44(2), pages 235-263, January.
    4. Lawrence Haddad & Harold Alderman & Simon Appleton & Lina Song & Yisehac Yohannes, 2003. "Reducing Child Malnutrition: How Far Does Income Growth Take Us?," The World Bank Economic Review, World Bank, vol. 17(1), pages 107-131, June.
    5. François Bourguignon & Maurizio Bussolo & Luis Pereira, 2008. "The Impact of Macroeconomic Policies on Poverty and Income Distribution," PSE-Ecole d'économie de Paris (Postprint) halshs-00754864, HAL.
    6. Mina Baliamoune-Lutz, 2007. "Globalisation and Gender Inequality: Is Africa Different?," Journal of African Economies, Centre for the Study of African Economies, vol. 16(2), pages 301-348, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Wu Fengyu & Nugent Jeffrey B., 2018. "Explaining Gender Differences in Socioeconomic and Political Objectives in the Middle East," Review of Middle East Economics and Finance, De Gruyter, vol. 14(1), pages 1-22, April.
    2. Noha Emara & Mahmoud Mohieldin, 2020. "Financial inclusion and extreme poverty in the MENA region: a gap analysis approach," Review of Economics and Political Science, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 5(3), pages 207-230, July.
    3. Emara Noha M. F., 2014. "Effect of Income Elasticity on MDG Health Indicators: The Case of MENA Countries," Review of Middle East Economics and Finance, De Gruyter, vol. 10(1), pages 1-21, April.
    4. Emara, Noha & Hegazy, Azza, 2017. "Government Spending on Education and Closing the Gender Gap: The Case of Developing Economies," MPRA Paper 94508, University Library of Munich, Germany.

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