Bioecological Characteristics Of Medical Plants In Introductors In Ex Situ

Modern agriculture, green construction, the pharmaceutical industry and a number of sectors of the economy of Ukraine can not be imagined without constant searches and introductions into the culture of new species, forms and varieties of plants. The value of introducing scientific progress is difficult to overestimate. At the same time, this important branch of human activity depends to a large extent on the soil and climatic conditions of the place of introduction of research, as each territory, even within a single climatic zone, has its own special, inherent conditions. The combination and correlation of numerous meteorological elements such as heat, humidity, illumination, etc., their seasonal and annual variability, how complex they are and how much they depend on, so that their complete repetition can only be an exception. According to the results of evaluation of the samples of the collection of the Research Station of medicinal plants IAP NANA on the indicators of resistance identified groups of plants that have a certain adaptive potential to adverse environmental conditions. Introducent plants are grouped into groups that exhibit the adaptation of different forces to climatic rhythms by altering metabolism, development processes and resistance to external factors, changes in the intensity of transpiration and mineral nutrition, regulation of transport of substances and functional changes between different organs, changes in dynamics accumulation and activity of biologically active substances. To prevent the adverse effects of low temperatures in plants, a variety of adaptive physiological and biochemical changes occur that increase frost resistance, winter drought tolerance and resistance to sharp fluctuations in temperature. These changes are manifested in the accumulation of spare substances, reducing the intensity of breathing and optimum enzymatic processes. In the course of the analysis of reactions of plants-introducers on some soil-climatic conditions, groups with similar reaction are selected. The ecological and biological peculiarities of medicinal plants introducing plants for winter resistance (171), drought tolerance (158), soil susceptibility (222) and illumination (166) were established. The adaptive reactions of plants are aimed at reducing the adverse effects of external factors and sensitivity to their action and to a large extent due to the presence in the plant organism of adaptive reactions of a certain amplitude, which is necessary for the survival of introducciators in stressful situations. The bioecological characteristic given to collection samples in conditions of ex situ will allow to construct models of productive phytocenoses with participation of introductive medicinal plants under conditions of projected climate change