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Rules of Origin and the EU‐Med Partnership: The Case of Textiles

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  • Patricia Augier
  • Michael Gasiorek
  • Charles Lai‐Tong

Abstract

This paper analyses the impact of rules of origin on patterns of trade in the context of the pan‐European system of diagonal cumulation. The paper first highlights the importance of rules of origin in all preferential trading arrangements while arguing that those rules can easily lead to trade suppression and/or trade diversion. We then focus on the introduction of the pan‐European system in 1997 and show evidence to suggest that the introduction of the system materially impacted on trade between the EU, and its CEFTA, EFTA and Baltic states partner countries. The main body of the paper then empirically explores the impact of the lack of cumulation in the textile industry on the countries of the Southern Mediterranean. The results suggest that rules of origin may indeed substantially constrain trade between non‐cumulating countries, possibly by as much as 70–80 per cent in aggregate. While preferential trading agreements thus serve to increase intra‐PTA trade through the liberalisation of trade barriers, they may also be doing so by effectively raising external barriers to trade through the use of constraining rules of origin. To the extent that they do so increases the likelihood of trade diversion and trade suppresion.

Suggested Citation

  • Patricia Augier & Michael Gasiorek & Charles Lai‐Tong, 2004. "Rules of Origin and the EU‐Med Partnership: The Case of Textiles," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 27(9), pages 1449-1473, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:worlde:v:27:y:2004:i:9:p:1449-1473
    DOI: 10.1111/j.0378-5920.2004.00662.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kala Krishna & Anne Krueger, 1995. "Implementing Free Trade Areas: Rules of Origin and Hidden Protection," NBER Working Papers 4983, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
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    Cited by:

    1. Cardozo, Adriana R. & Martínez-Zarzoso, Inmaculada & Vogler, Paula L., 2020. "The impact of FTAs on MENA exports of intermediate and final goods," University of Göttingen Working Papers in Economics 402, University of Goettingen, Department of Economics.
    2. Alberto Amurgo Pacheco, 2006. "Preferential Trade Liberalization and the Range of Exported Products: The Case of the Euro-Mediterranean FTA," IHEID Working Papers 18-2006, Economics Section, The Graduate Institute of International Studies.
    3. Innwon Park & Soonchan Park, 2011. "Best practices for regional trade agreements," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 147(2), pages 249-268, June.
    4. Michael Fuenfzig & Pietro Maggi & Corine Besseling & Anne Winkel & Michael Flickenschild & Przemysław Kowalski & Katarzyna Sidło & Anna Malinowska & Marek Peda & Christopher Hartwell & Patricia Augier, 2021. "Ex-post Evaluation of the impact of trade chapters of the Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreements with six partners: Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco and Tunisia," Working Papers hal-03435264, HAL.
    5. Doan, Thang N. & Xing, Yuqing, 2018. "Trade efficiency, free trade agreements and rules of origin," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 33-41.
    6. Pelzman Joseph & Shoham Amir, 2010. "Measuring the Welfare Effects of Country of Origin Rules: A Suggested Methodology," Global Economy Journal, De Gruyter, vol. 10(1), pages 1-25, February.
    7. Tanaka, Kiyoyasu & Fukunishi, Takahiro, 2022. "Rules of origin and exports in developing economies: The case of garment products," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    8. Patricia Augier & Michael Gasiorek & Charles Lai-Tong, 2007. "Multilateralising Regionalism: Relaxing the Rules of Origin Or Can Those Pecs Be Flexed?," CARIS Working Papers 03, Centre for the Analysis of Regional Integration at Sussex, University of Sussex.
    9. Tanaka, Kiyoyasu & Greaney, Theresa M., 2024. "Trade and employment in the formal and informal sectors: A natural experiment from Cambodia," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    10. Gorkemli Kazar & Altug Kazar & Tamer Sami Sert, 2018. "Bilateral Trade in European Sports Industry: Linder Versus Hecksher-Ohlin-Samuelson," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 8(1), pages 48-53.
    11. Cooke, Edgar F. A., 2012. "Is the impact of AGOA heterogeneous?," MPRA Paper 43277, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    12. Jennifer Bair, 2006. "Regional Trade and Production Blocs in a Global Industry: Towards a Comparative Framework for Research," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 38(12), pages 2233-2252, December.
    13. Sytsma, Tobias, 2019. "Rules of Origin Liberalization with Multi-Product Firms: Theory and Evidence from Bangladeshi Apparel Exporters," MPRA Paper 95956, University Library of Munich, Germany.

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