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Shaping the rise of brotherhood: Social, political, and economic contexts and the “Golden Age of Fraternalism”

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  • Adam Chamberlain
  • Alixandra B. Yanus

Abstract

Objective This study seeks to investigate how social, political, and economic factors shaped demand for membership in three major federated fraternal orders in the United States during the late 19th and early 20th centuries: the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias, and the Improved Order of Red Men. Methods Error‐correction, time‐series‐cross‐sectional models are estimated using state‐level data, with the first differences in total membership, new initiations, and suspensions serving as dependent variables. Results We find evidence that railroads, urbanization, immigration, bank panics, and presidential election years all had significant effects on membership; those effects, however, varied by fraternal order. Conclusion The demand for American fraternalism was affected by civil society, politics, and the economy in ways that scholars have not previously studied.

Suggested Citation

  • Adam Chamberlain & Alixandra B. Yanus, 2022. "Shaping the rise of brotherhood: Social, political, and economic contexts and the “Golden Age of Fraternalism”," Social Science Quarterly, Southwestern Social Science Association, vol. 103(7), pages 1673-1686, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:socsci:v:103:y:2022:i:7:p:1673-1686
    DOI: 10.1111/ssqu.13222
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mattia Casula & Nandhini Rangarajan & Patricia Shields, 2021. "The potential of working hypotheses for deductive exploratory research," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 55(5), pages 1703-1725, October.
    2. Liazos, Ariane Mary Aphrodite & Ganz, Marshall Louis, 2004. "Duty to the Race: African American Fraternal Orders and the Legal Defense of the Right to Organize," Scholarly Articles 12641803, Harvard Kennedy School of Government.
    3. Wicker,Elmus, 2000. "Banking Panics of the Gilded Age," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521770231, November.
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