Screening for Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus in Rangpur City Corporation Area: A Community Based Cross Sectional Study

Background: Increased blood pressure and glucose levels are becoming the primary causes of death and disability in non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which are a significant public health concern. The prevalence of diabetes and hypertension is rising in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). It is important to identify patients with these conditions early in the disease process. This study aimed to evaluate the health status of participants in a community-based screening program in Rangpur City Corporation. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conduct to prevent and control of major chronic non communicable diseases through early identification and proper management of hypertension and diabetes. Convenience sampling technique was adopted to select 7352 respondents. Data were collected through face-to-face interview using a semi structure questionnaire. Results: Among 7352 participants, 93.4% were not registered with the Hypertension & Research Centre Rangpur. The age distribution was diverse, with 24.3% over 60 years and 15.5% below 30 years. Women made up 58.7% of the participants. Disease categorization showed 54.2% had no disease, 22.9% had hypertension (HTN), 13.3% had diabetes mellitus (DM), and 9.7% had both DM and HTN. Screening revealed 67.2% had normal blood sugar levels, while 15.9% had prediabetes and 16.9% had diabetes. Blood pressure measurements indicated 73.5% had controlled systolic blood pressure (SBP), with 26.5% having uncontrolled SBP, and 18.81% had uncontrolled diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Among those reporting no DM or HTN, 7.81% were found to have raised blood sugar levels, and 6.48% were newly diagnosed with hypertension, resulting in 7.21% of previously undiagnosed respondents being newly diagnosed with either condition. Conclusion: Our study focused to find hypertensive patient and diabetic patient who did not know and had uncontrolled DM & HTN. It also draws attention to the potential proportion of undiagnosed cases. More specifically, it calls for additional efforts focused on referral of at-risk patients after detection. This study will help to utilize existing services complemented by innovations needed for a systematic approach to NCD detection and linkage to care at the community level that lends itself to improving early detection, scale-up and measures for sustainability.