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The impacts of international migration on remaining household members : omnibus results from a migration lottery program Author info | Abstract | Publisher info | Download info | Related research | Statistics Gibson, John
McKenzie, David
Stillman, Steven
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The impacts of international migration on development in the sending countries, and especially the effects on remaining household members, are increasingly studied. However, comparisons of households in developing countries with and without migrants are complicated by a double-selectivity problem: households self-select into migration, and among households involved in migration, some send a subset of members with the rest remaining while other households migrate en masse. The authors address these selectivity issues using the randomization provided by an immigration ballot under the Pacific Access Category of New Zealand’s immigration policy. They survey applicants to the 2002-05 ballots in Tonga and compare outcomes for the remaining household members of emigrants with those for members of similar households that were unsuccessful in the ballots. The immigration laws determine which household members can accompany the principal migrant, providing an instrument to address the second selectivity issue. Using this natural experiment, the authors examine the myriad impacts that migration has on remaining household members, focussing on labor supply, income, durable assets, financial service usage, diet, and physical and mental health. The analysis uses multiple hypothesis testing procedures to examine which impacts are robust. The findings indicate that the overall impact on households left behind is largely negative. The findings also reveal evidence that both sources of selectivity matter, leading studies that fail to adequately address them to misrepresent the impact of migration.
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Paper provided by The World Bank in its series Policy Research Working Paper Series with number
4956.
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Date of creation: 01 Jun 2009Date of revision:
Handle: RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:4956Contact details of provider: Postal: 1818 H Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20433 Email: Web page: http://www.worldbank.org/ More information through EDIRC
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Keywords: Population Policies ; Access to Finance ; Health Monitoring&Evaluation ; Housing&Human Habitats ; Anthropology ; Other versions of this item:
Paper John Gibson & David McKenzie & Steven Stillman, 2009.
"The Impacts of International Migration on Remaining Household Members: Omnibus Results from a Migration Lottery Program ,"
CReAM Discussion Paper Series
0920, Centre for Research and Analysis of Migration (CReAM), Department of Economics, University College London.
[Downloadable!] Gibson, John & McKenzie, David & Stillman, Steven, 2009.
"The Impacts of International Migration on Remaining Household Members: Omnibus Results from a Migration Lottery Program ,"
IZA Discussion Papers
4375, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA).
[Downloadable!] This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports :
References listed on IDEAS Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile , click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.: Stillman, Steven & McKenzie, David & Gibson, John, 2009.
"Migration and mental health: Evidence from a natural experiment ,"
Journal of Health Economics ,
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[Downloadable!] (restricted)
Other versions:
Stillman, Steven & McKenzie, David & Gibson, John, 2007.
"Migration and mental health : evidence from a natural experiment ,"
Policy Research Working Paper Series
4138, The World Bank.
[Downloadable!] Steven Stillman & David McKenzie & John Gibson, 2006.
"Migration and Mental Health: Evidence from a Natural Experiment ,"
Working Papers in Economics
06/04, University of Waikato, Department of Economics.
[Downloadable!] Acosta, Pablo & Fajnzylber, Pablo & Lopez, J. Humberto, 2007.
"The impact of remittances on poverty and human capital : evidence from Latin American household surveys ,"
Policy Research Working Paper Series
4247, The World Bank.
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Woodruff, Christopher & Zenteno, Rene, 2007.
"Migration networks and microenterprises in Mexico ,"
Journal of Development Economics ,
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Kling, Jeffrey & Liebman, Jeffrey, 2004.
"Experimental Analysis of Neighborhood Effects on Youth ,"
Working Paper Series
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Other versions:
Jeffrey R. Kling & Jeffrey B. Liebman, 2004.
"Experimental Analysis of Neighborhood Effects on Youth ,"
Working Papers
1, Princeton University, Department of Economics, Industrial Relations Section..
[Downloadable!] Jeffrey R. Kling & Jeffrey B. Liebman, 2004.
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Working Papers
249, Princeton University, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Center for Health and Wellbeing..
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Working Papers
862, Princeton University, Department of Economics, Industrial Relations Section..
[Downloadable!] John Gibson & David McKenzie & Halahingano Rohorua, 2006.
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Hildebrandt, Nicole & McKenzie, David, 2005.
"The effects of migration on child health in Mexico ,"
Policy Research Working Paper Series
3573, The World Bank.
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Joshua Angrist, 2004.
"Treatment Effect Heterogeneity in Theory and Practice ,"
Econometric Society 2004 North American Winter Meetings
186, Econometric Society.
Other versions:
Angrist, Joshua D., 2003.
"Treatment Effect Heterogeneity in Theory and Practice ,"
IZA Discussion Papers
851, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA).
[Downloadable!] Joshua D. Angrist, 2003.
"Treatment Effect Heterogeneity in Theory and Practice ,"
NBER Working Papers
9708, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
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"Treatment effect heterogeneity in theory and practice ,"
Economic Journal ,
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[Downloadable!] (restricted) James Heckman & Neil Hohmann & Jeffrey Smith & Michael Khoo, 2000.
"Substitution And Dropout Bias In Social Experiments: A Study Of An Influential Social Experiment ,"
The Quarterly Journal of Economics ,
MIT Press, vol. 115(2), pages 651-694, May.
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Other versions: Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes & Susan Pozo, 2006.
"Remittance Receipt and Business Ownership in the Dominican Republic ,"
The World Economy ,
Blackwell Publishing, vol. 29(7), pages 939-956, 07.
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Mckenzie, David & Rapoport, Hillel, 2007.
"Network effects and the dynamics of migration and inequality: Theory and evidence from Mexico ,"
Journal of Development Economics ,
Elsevier, vol. 84(1), pages 1-24, September.
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Dean Yang, 2008.
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Economic Journal ,
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Other versions: Barham, Bradford & Boucher, Stephen, 1998.
"Migration, remittances, and inequality: estimating the net effects of migration on income distribution ,"
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Handbook on the Economics of Giving, Reciprocity and Altruism ,
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Other versions: Jeffrey R Kling & Jeffrey B Liebman & Lawrence F Katz, 2007.
"Experimental Analysis of Neighborhood Effects ,"
Econometrica ,
Econometric Society, vol. 75(1), pages 83-119, 01.
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Other versions: Richard P.C. Brown & Gareth Leeves, 2007.
"Impacts of International Migration and Remittances on Source Country Household Incomes in Small Island States; Fiji and Tonga ,"
Working Papers
07-13, Agricultural and Development Economics Division of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO - ESA).
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Deaton, Angus & Paxson, Christina, 1994.
"Intertemporal Choice and Inequality ,"
Journal of Political Economy ,
University of Chicago Press, vol. 102(3), pages 437-67, June.
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Angus Deaton & Christina Paxson, 1993.
"Intertemporal Choice and Inequality ,"
NBER Working Papers
4328, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
[Downloadable!] (restricted) Deaton, A. & Paxson, C., 1993.
"Intertemporal Choice and Inequality ,"
Papers
168, Princeton, Woodrow Wilson School - Development Studies.
McKenzie, David & Rapoport, Hillel, 2006.
"Can migration reduce educational attainment ? Evidence from Mexico ,"
Policy Research Working Paper Series
3952, The World Bank.
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David McKenzie & John Gibson & Steven Stillman, 2007.
"Moving to Opportunity, Leaving Behind What? Evaluating the Initial Effects of a Migration Policy on Incomes and Poverty in Source Areas ,"
Working Papers in Economics
07/23, University of Waikato, Department of Economics.
[Downloadable!]
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