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Tax Effects on Foreign Direct Investment in the United States: Evidence from a Cross-Country Comparison

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Joel Slemrod

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Abstract

This paper investigates how the tax system of the U.S. and the capital- exporting country combine to affect the flow of foreign direct investment (FDI) into the U.S. First, using aggregate data, it corroborates earlier work suggesting that the U.S. effective tax rate does influence the amount of FDI financed by transfers of funds, but not the amount financed by retained earnings. The data are then disaggregated by major capital-exporting countries to see if, as theory would suggest, FDI from countries which exempt foreign-source income from taxation is more sensitive to U.S. tax rates than FDI from countries which attempt to tax foreign-source income. The data analysis does not reveal a clear differential responsiveness between these two groups of countries, suggesting either difficulties in accurately measuring effective tax rates or the availability of financial strategies which render the home country tax system immaterial in affecting the return on FDI.

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Paper provided by National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc in its series NBER Working Papers with number 3042.

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Date of creation: Feb 1991
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Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:3042

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  1. Martin Feldstein, 1982. "Inflation, Tax Rules, and Investment: Some Econometric Evidence," NBER Working Papers 0577, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  2. Auerbach, A.J. & Hines, Jr.J.R., 1988. "Investment Tax Incentives And Frequent Tax Reforms," Papers 135, Princeton, Woodrow Wilson School - Public and International Affairs.
    Other versions:
  3. Michael J. Boskin & William G. Gale, 1987. "New Results on the Effects of Tax Policy on the International Location of Investment," NBER Chapters, in: The Effects of Taxation on Capital Accumulation, pages 201-222 National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
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(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. George Zodrow, 2006. "Capital Mobility and Source-Based Taxation of Capital Income in Small Open Economies," International Tax and Public Finance, Springer, vol. 13(2), pages 269-294, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. James R. Hines, Jr., 1996. "Tax Policy and the Activities of Multinational Corporations," NBER Working Papers 5589, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  3. Roger H. Gordon & Joosung Jun, 1992. "Taxes and the Form of Ownership of Foreign Corporate Equity," NBER Working Papers 4159, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  4. Devereux, Michael P. & Griffith, Rachel, 2003. "The Impact of Corporate Taxation on the Location of Capital: A Review," Economic Analysis and Policy (EAP), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), School of Economics and Finance, vol. 33(2), pages 275-292, September. [Downloadable!]
  5. Overesch, Michael, 2007. "The Effects of Multinationals? Profit Shifting Activities on Real Investments," ZEW Discussion Papers 07-071, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
  6. Agnès Bénassy-Quéré & Lionel Fontagné & Amina Lahrèche-Révil, 2005. "How Does FDI React to Corporate Taxation?," International Tax and Public Finance, Springer, vol. 12(5), pages 583-603, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. Albert Wijeweera & Brian Dollery & Don Clark, 2007. "Corporate tax rates and foreign direct investment in the United States," Applied Economics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 39(1), pages 109-117, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  8. Céline Azémar & Rodolphe Desbordes & Jean-Louis Mucchielli, 2007. "Do tax sparing agreements contribute to the attraction of FDI in developing countries?," International Tax and Public Finance, Springer, vol. 14(5), pages 543-562, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  9. James R. Hines Jr., 1997. "Altered States: Taxes and the Location of Foreign Direct Investment in America," NBER Working Papers 4397, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  10. James R. Hines Jr., 1994. "Credit and Deferral as International Investment Incentives," NBER Working Papers 4191, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  11. Bev Dahlby, 2002. "Globalisation and the Future of the Corporate Income Tax," Taxation Discussion Paper #9, ATAX, University of New South Wales. [Downloadable!]
  12. Jason G. Cummins & R. Glenn Hubbard, 1994. "The Tax Sensitivity of Foreign Direct Investment: Evidence from Firm-Level Panel Data," NBER Working Papers 4703, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  13. Mihir A. Desai & James R. Hines, Jr., 1996. ""Basket" Cases: International Joint Ventures After the Tax Reform Act of 1986," NBER Working Papers 5755, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  14. Albert Wijeweera & Don Clark, 2006. "Taxation and Foreign Direct Investment Inflows: Time Series Evidence from the US," Global Economic Review, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 35(2), pages 135-143, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  15. Roger H. Gordon & James R. Hines Jr., 2002. "International Taxation," NBER Working Papers 8854, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
    • Gordon, Roger H. & Hines, James Jr, 2002. "International taxation," Handbook of Public Economics, in: A. J. Auerbach & M. Feldstein (ed.), Handbook of Public Economics, edition 1, volume 4, chapter 28, pages 1935-1995 Elsevier. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  16. Agnès Bénassy-Quéré & Lionel Fontagné & Amina Lahrèche-Révil, 2001. "Foreign Direct Investment and Company Taxation in Europe," Economics Working Papers 004, European Network of Economic Policy Research Institutes. [Downloadable!]
  17. Sascha O. Becker & Peter Egger & Valeria Merlo, 2009. "How Low Business Tax Rates Attract Multinational Headquarters: Municipality-Level Evidence from Germany," CESifo Working Paper Series CESifo Working Paper No. , CESifo Group Munich. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  18. Cassou, Steven P, 1997. "The Link between Tax Rates and Foreign Direct Investment," Applied Economics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 29(10), pages 1295-1301, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  19. James R. Hines Jr., 2004. "Do Tax Havens Flourish?," NBER Working Papers 10936, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
    • James R. Hines Jr., 2005. "Do Tax Havens Flourish?," NBER Chapters, in: Tax Policy and the Economy, Volume 19, pages 65-100 National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!]
  20. Agnes Benassy-Quere & Lionel Fontagne & Amina Lahreche-Revil, 2000. "Foreign Direct Investment and the Prospects for Tax Co-Ordination in Europe," Working Papers 2000-06, CEPII research center. [Downloadable!]
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