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Intervenciones microeconómicas después del Consenso de Washington

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Author Info
Andrés Rodríguez-Clare

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Abstract

(Disponible en idioma inglés únicamente) En este trabajo se analizan las intervenciones microeconómicas usadas para complementar las reformas del Consenso de Washington en América Latina. Se sostiene que la clase de intervenciones que se estilan actualmente en la mayoría de los países carecen de una base teórica y empírica sólida, o se están aplicando de una manera que probablemente resulte ineficaz. Se sostiene que los países de la región deberían realizar intervenciones selectivas destinadas a descubrir nuevas actividades rentables (políticas horizontales) y a crear conglomerados de innovación (políticas verticales), y se trata cómo se puede poner en práctica dicha estrategia. Tanto las políticas horizontales como las verticales son importantes, pero la combinación adecuada de ambas depende del grado de desarrollo del país. El pesimismo acerca de la capacidad de las economías latinoamericanas de emprender este conjunto de intervenciones microeconómicas más sofisticadas es una reacción exagerada a los problemas de corrupción y captura con los que se topan las políticas de sustitución de importaciones. Al menos en algunos países se sigue una estrategia cuidadosamente aplicada del tipo que se trata en este trabajo.

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Paper provided by Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department in its series RES Working Papers with number 4394.

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Date of creation: Feb 2005
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Handle: RePEc:idb:wpaper:4394

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  7. Head, Keith & Mayer, Thierry, 2004. "The empirics of agglomeration and trade," Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics, in: J. V. Henderson & J. F. Thisse (ed.), Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics, edition 1, volume 4, chapter 59, pages 2609-2669 Elsevier. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  8. Aitken, Brian & Hanson, Gordon H. & Harrison, Ann E., 1997. "Spillovers, foreign investment, and export behavior," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 43(1-2), pages 103-132, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  11. Eduardo Lora & Ugo Panizza, 2002. "Structural Reforms in Latin America under Scrutiny," RES Working Papers 4303, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department. [Downloadable!]
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  12. Thomas J. Holmes, 1999. "Localization Of Industry And Vertical Disintegration," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 81(2), pages 314-325, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  13. Krugman, Paul, 1991. "History versus Expectations," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 106(2), pages 651-67, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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